Prevotella ruminicola

(aka Bacteroides ruminicola)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Prevotella ruminicola, (aka Bacteroides ruminicola), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 13 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 45-52%. Prevotella ruminicola is probably a common, although minor, coloniser of the gut. (Avgustin1997; Shah1990; Shah2010Bergeys; Bryant1958)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, rumen, and chicken gut. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. Is a known gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Avgustin1997); (Shah1990); (Shah2010Bergeys); (Bryant1958);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; gelatin; starch;
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Doesn't tolerate 20% bile
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 30℃; grows at 37℃; doesn't grow at 45℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • arabinose; D-arabinose; fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; rhamnose; xylose; aesculin; inulin; pectin; xylan; cellubiose; maltose; melibiose; raffinose; sucrose; arbutin; salicin;
  • Active enzymes:
  • fucosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Avgustin1997); (Shah1990); (Shah2010Bergeys); (Bryant1958);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • formate; acetate; propionate (minor); isobutyrate (minor); succinate (major); isovalerate (minor);
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • Hâ‚‚S; indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS
    Class Active Resistant
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin;

  • N/A

  • Regarding nitrogen metabolism, P. ruminicola 23 can efficiently utilize both ammonia and peptides (preferentially larger peptides, up to 2,000_Da) as a nitrogen source for growth. For breakdown of oligopeptides, P. ruminicola 23 harbors the greatest range and specific activity of dipeptidyl peptidases in comparison to species belonging to other abundant genera in the rumen, such as Butyrivibrio, Ruminococcus, and Fibrobacter. [PMID: 28798330] The strain possesses the capacity to degrade plant cell wall polysaccharides, proteins, and peptides, contributing to the utilization of noncellulosic polysaccharides, such as starch and xylan (adapted from PMID 19304844). [UP000000927]

  • GutFeeling KnowledgeBase COMMENTS [Website]

    Prevotella ruminicola 23 is an obligate anaerobic bacterium that contributes to hemicellulose utilization within the bovine rumen. It is one of the most commonly isolated species from rumen contents and possesses the capacity to degrade plant cell wall polysaccharides, proteins, and peptides, contributing to the utilization of noncellulosic polysaccharides, such as starch and xylan (adapted from PMID 19304844). [UP000000927]

  • Holdeman, L. V., Good, I. J., & Moore, W. E. (1976). Human fecal flora: variation in bacterial composition within individuals and a possible effect of emotional stress. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 31(3), 359–375.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Bacteroidetes Class:  Bacteroidia Order:  Bacteroidales Family:  Prevotellaceae Genus:  Prevotella Alt. name:  Bacteroides ruminicola Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  neg
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, rumen, and chicken gut
    DNA G+C(%):  45-52
    Lower T(℃):  30(+)
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    High T(℃):  45(neg)
    Bile reaction(%):  20(neg)
    		Aesculin:  + Gelatin:  d(+) Starch:  d(+)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  w(+) D-Arabinose:  w(+) Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  w(+) Lactose:  neg Maltose:  + Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  neg Cellulose:  neg Aesculin:  + Inulin:  + Pectin:  + Xylan:  + Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Arbutin:  + Salicin:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg G6PDH6PGDH:  neg α-Fucosidase:  + GlyAP:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Formate:  + Acetate:  + Propionate:  minor(+) Isobutyrate:  minor(+) Succinate:  Major(+) Isovalerate:  minor(+) H2S:  neg Indole:  neg Pigment:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    cefoperazone:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 64, RNG: (0.5-128)
    cefotaxime:  Var(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 32, RNG: (≤0.062-64)
    cefoxitin:  Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 8, RNG: (1-16)
    ceftazidime:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 256, RNG: (2->256)
    moxalactam:  Var(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.5-128)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    metronidazole:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.25-2)
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): ≤0.062, MIC90: 2, RNG: (<0.062-4)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PREVOTELLA RUMINICOLA
  • Avgustin1997 - Phenotypic Diversity among Ruminal Isolates of Prevotella ruminicola: Proposal of Prevotella brevis sp. nov., Prevotella bryantii sp. nov., and Prevotella albensis sp. nov. and Redefinition of Prevotella ruminicola.
  • Shah1990 - Notes: Prevotella, a New Genus To Include Bacteroides melaninogenicus and Related Species Formerly Classified in the Genus Bacteroides.
  • Shah2010Bergeys - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 4, The Bacteroidetes. Family Prevotellaceae, Genus I. Prevotella
  • RajilicStojanovic2011 - Global and deep molecular analysis of microbiota signatures in fecal samples from patients with irritable bowel syndrome
  • Bryant1958 - Bacteroides Ruminicola n. sp. and Succinimonas Amylolytica the New Genus and Species.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PREVOTELLA RUMINICOLA
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Finegold1974 - Effect of diet on human fecal flora: comparison of Japanese and American diets
  • Finegold1977 - Fecal microbial flora in Seventh Day Adventist populations and control subjects.
  • Holdeman1976 - Human fecal flora: variation in bacterial composition within individuals and a possible effect of emotional stress.
  • King2019 - Baseline human gut microbiota profile in healthy people and standard reporting template.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Salonen2014 - Impact of diet and individual variation on intestinal microbiota composition and fermentation products in obese men.
  • Urban2020 - Altered Fecal Microbiome Years after Traumatic Brain Injury
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Woodmansey2004 - Comparison of compositions and metabolic activities of fecal microbiotas in young adults and in antibiotic-treated and non-antibiotic-treated elderly subjects.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
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    • Added: February 08, 2021