Priestia flexa

(aka Bacillus flexus)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Priestia flexa, (aka Bacillus flexus), is a Gram-variable, spore-forming, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 4 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 37-39%. Priestia flexa is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Logan2011Bergey; Priest1988; Batchelor1919)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, and soil. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Is a known gut commensal. Robust growth can have positive consequences for gut health.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Logan2011Bergey); (Priest1988); (Batchelor1919);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • casein; DNA; gelatin; starch; urea;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 2.0% salt; tolerates 6-10% salt;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 4.2-5.9; tolerates pH 6.0-8.0; tolerates pH 9.5;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 10℃; grows at 17℃; grows at 37℃; doesn't grow at 50℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; galactose; glucose; lactose; maltose; pullulan; raffinose; sucrose; trehalose; glycerol; inositol; mannitol; salicin;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • acetate; citrate; formate; succinate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • β-galactosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Logan2011Bergey); (Priest1988); (Batchelor1919);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Methyl red test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✓
  • ONPG test:
  • active
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Priest1988);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • benzylpenicillin;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • nalidixic-acid;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • streptomycin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • rifampicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • polymyxin B;
  • NOTES

    Able to hydrolyse elastin.

  • Batchelor, M. D. (1919). Aerobic spore-bearing bacteria in the intestinal tract of children. Journal of Bacteriology, 4(1), 23-34.15.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Bacillales Family:  Bacillaceae Genus:  Priestia Alt. name:  Bacillus flexus Gram stain:  vr O2 Relation.:  strictly aerobic Spore:  Endospore Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  neg
    Health:   Positive
    Source:  human faeces, and soil
    DNA G+C(%):  37-39
    Low T(℃):  10(neg)
    Lower T(℃):  17(+)
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    High T(℃):  50(neg)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  2.0(+)
    NaCl >6%:  6-10(+)
    pH 4.2-5.9:  4.2-5.9(+)
    pH 6.0-8.0:  6.0-8.0(+)
    pH >8:  9.5(+)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  + Gelatin:  + Starch:  + Casein:  + Chitin:  neg DNA:  + Tyrosine:  neg Hippurate:  neg Pectin:  neg Tween:  20(+), 80(d)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Adonitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  + Inositol:  d(+) Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  d(+)
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Gluconate:  neg Asp:  neg Hippurate:  neg Acetate:  + Citrate:  + Formate:  + Lactate:  neg Malonate:  neg Succinate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  + Phe deaminase:  neg Lecithinase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Pigment:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    benzyl-pen:  S(4)
    streptomycin:  S(8)
    erythromycin:  S(0.5)
    nalidixic-acid:  S(16)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  S(1)
    gramicidin:  Var(MIC50): 32), MIC90: Var(32
    rifampicin:  S(0.25)
    chloramphenicol:  S(4)
    polymyxin_B:  S(8)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PRIESTIA FLEXA
  • Logan2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Bacillaceae Genus I. Bacillus
  • Priest1988 - A Numerical Classification of the Genus Bacillus.
  • Batchelor1919 - Aerobic Spore-Bearing Bacteria in the Intestinal Tract of Children
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PRIESTIA FLEXA
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Pfleiderer2013 - Culturomics identified 11 new bacterial species from a single anorexia nervosa stool sample.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR PRIESTIA FLEXA
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021