Providencia heimbachae

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Providencia heimbachae is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, variably-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 39.6%. Providencia heimbachae is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Muller1986)



  • This organism has been recovered from from animals and has been detected in human faeces (Bilen2018e). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread (notes: opportunistic in immunocompromised patients). Could be a possible pathogen in humans, but unknown at this stage. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Muller1986);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • tyrosine;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; rhamnose; adonitol; D-arabitol;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; phenylalanine deaminase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Muller1986);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✓
  • Methyl red test:
  • active
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • ONPG test:
  • not active
  • KCN growth:
  • inhibited
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
  • ±
  • Pigments:
  • reddish-brown
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Muller1986);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • aztreonam; carbenicillin; imipenem; mezlocillin; piperacillin; ticarcillin;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefamandole; cefoperazone; cefotaxime; ceftazidime; cefuroxime; moxalactam;
  • cephalothin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline; tetracycline;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin; gentamicin; netilmycin; tobramycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • trimethoprim; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;
  • nitrofurantoin;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Gammaproteobacteria Order:  Enterobacterales Family:  Morganellaceae Genus:  Providencia Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  vr Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  reddish-brown
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  from animals and has been detected in human faeces (Bilen2018e)
    DNA G+C(%):  39.6
    Opt. T:  37℃
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg DNA:  neg Tyrosine:  + Pectin:  neg Tween:  80(neg)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  + Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  w Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  + D-Arabitol:  + Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  w Inositol:  vr Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Acetate:  neg Citrate:  neg Malonate:  neg Mucate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + Urease:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg Phe deaminase:  + DNAse:  neg Lipase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg Pigment:  reddish-brown
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  RNG: (0.25-16)
    azlocillin:  RNG: (1-16)
    aztreonam:  S(0.25)
    carbenicil:  S(4)
    mezlocillin:  S(1)
    piperacillin:  S(1)
    ticarcillin:  S(1)
    imipenem:  SensRNG: (0.25-1)
    cefamandole:  S(0.25)
    cefazolin:  RNG: (0.25-32)
    cefoperazone:  SensRNG: (0.25-1)
    cefotaxime:  S(0.25)
    cefoxitin:  RNG: (0.5-4)
    ceftazidime:  S(1)
    cefuroxime:  SensRNG: (0.25-2)
    cephalothin:  R(4->32)
    moxalactam:  S(0.25)
    amikacin:  SensRNG: (0.5-4)
    gentamicin:  SensRNG: (0.5-1)
    netilmycin:  SensRNG: (0.25-1)
    tobramycin:  SensRNG: (0.25-2)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  R(8->32)
    tetracycline:  R(>32)
    chloramphenicol:  RNG: (8-16)
    nitrofurantoin:  R(32-64)
    trimethoprim:  S(1)
    SXT:  SensRNG: (0.06-0.12)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PROVIDENCIA HEIMBACHAE
  • Muller1986 - Providencia heimbachae, a New Species of Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Animals
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PROVIDENCIA HEIMBACHAE
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR PROVIDENCIA HEIMBACHAE
  • Bilen2018e - Description of the human gut microbiota by culturomics
    • Added: January 06, 2022