Pseudocitrobacter faecalis

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Pseudocitrobacter faecalis is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 54.2%. Pseudocitrobacter faecalis is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Kaempfer2014; Kaempfer2020)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces (Kaempfer2014). Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Kaempfer2014); (Kaempfer2020);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • L-arabinose; glucose; mannose; rhamnose; xylose; cellubiose; lactose; maltose; trehalose; salicin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • raffinose; mannitol;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • N-acetylglucosamine; L-arabinose; arbutin; cellubiose; fructose; galactose; glucose; lactose; maltose; maltotriose; mannose; methyl-α-glucoside; rhamnose; ribose; salicin; trehalose; xylose; alanine; D-alanine; aspartate; phenylalanine; proline; serine; acetate; citrate; fumarate; 3-hydroxybenzoate; 2-ketogluconate; DL-lactate; malate; L-malate; mucate; phenylacetate; propionate; pyruvate; maltitol; putrescine; N-acetylgalactosamine;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • gluconate; mannitol; raffinose; γ-aminobutyrate; glutarate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala arylamidase; alkaline phosphatase; acid phosphatase; catalase; γ-Glu transferase; Leu arylamidase; xylosidase; phospholipase C; naphthol-ASBI-P;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • lycine decarboxylase; ornithine decarboxylase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Kaempfer2014); (Kaempfer2020);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✓
  • ONPG test:
  • active
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✓
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Kaempfer2014);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin; ampicillin; penicillin G;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefalexin; cephalothin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tigecycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; garenoxacin; gatifloxacin; gemifloxacin; levofloxacin; moxifloxacin; nalidixic-acid;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin; gentamicin;
  • tobramycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • nitrofurantoin;
  • chloramphenicol; co-trimoxazole; fosfomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • colistin;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Gammaproteobacteria Order:  Enterobacterales Family:  Enterobacteriaceae Genus:  Pseudocitrobacter Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces (Kaempfer2014)
    DNA G+C(%):  54.2
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  + Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  d Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  + Ribose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Maltotriose:  + Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Raffinose:  d Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  + N_Acetyl_glucosamine:  + Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Arbutin:  + Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Gluconate:  d Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  d Me-α-D-Glc:  + Salicin:  + Sorbitol:  neg Ala:  + D-Ala:  + β-Ala:  neg 4-Aminobutyrate:  d Asp:  + Betaine:  neg Histamine:  neg His:  neg Leu:  neg Orn:  w Phe:  + Pro:  + Ser:  + Trigonelline:  neg Tryptamine:  neg Trp:  neg Acetate:  + Aconitate:  trans(neg) Adipate:  neg Azelate:  neg Caprylate:  neg Citrate:  + Fumarate:  + Glutarate:  d 3-Hydroxybutyrate:  neg 3-Hydroxybenzoate:  + Itaconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  + DL-Lactate:  + Malate:  + L-Malate:  + Mesaconate:  neg Mucate:  + Phenylacetate:  + Propionate:  + Pyruvate:  + Quinate:  neg Suberate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg Xylosidase:  + ArgDH:  neg Chymotrypsin:  neg γ-Glu transf.:  + LysDC:  d OrnDC:  d Phe deaminase:  neg Trypsin:  neg AlanineAA:  + CystineAA:  neg LeuAA:  + ValAA:  neg AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  + Esterase(C4):  neg EstLip(C8):  neg Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amoxicillin:  Res
    ampicillin:  Res
    penicillin_G:  Res
    cefalexin:  Res
    cephalothin:  Res
    amikacin:  Sens
    gentamicin:  Sens
    tobramycin:  Res
    ciprofloxacin:  Res
    garenoxacin:  Res
    gatifloxacin:  Res
    gemifloxacin:  Res
    levofloxacin:  Res
    moxifloxacin:  Res
    nalidixic-acid:  Res
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tigecycline:  Sens
    chloramphenicol:  Res
    fosfomycin:  R(256)
    nitrofurantoin:  Sens
    co-trimoxazole:  Res
    colistin:  Sens

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PSEUDOCITROBACTER FAECALIS
  • Kaempfer2014 - Pseudocitrobacter gen. nov., a novel genus of the Enterobacteriaceae with two new species Pseudocitrobacter faecalis sp. nov., and Pseudocitrobacter anthropi sp. nov, isolated from fecal samples from hospitalized patients in Pakistan.
  • Kaempfer2020 - Taxonomic reassessment of the genus Pseudocitrobacter using whole genome sequencing: Pseudocitrobacter anthropi is a later heterotypic synonym of Pseudocitrobacter faecalis and description of Pseudocitrobacter vendiensis sp. nov.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PSEUDOCITROBACTER FAECALIS
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
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    • Added: July 12, 2021