Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus

(aka Bacteroides capillosus)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus, (aka Bacteroides capillosus), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 22 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 60%. Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus is a common gut coloniser. (Carlier2010)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. Is a known gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Carlier2010);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • gelatin;
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Doesn't tolerate 20% bile
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 37℃; grows at 45℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • xylose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • β-galactosidase; β-glucosidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • α-glucosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Carlier2010);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; propionate (minor); lactate (minor); succinate;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Carlier2010); (Goldstein2003a); (Goldstein2000a);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; ampicillin-sulbactam; imipenem; penicillin G; ticarcillin-clavulanic acid;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • ceftizoxime; cefuroxime;
  • Macrolides:
  • azithromycin; erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; gatifloxacin; levofloxacin; moxifloxacin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol; metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • teicoplanin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin;

  • Moore, WEC & LV Holdeman (1974). Human fecal flora: the normal flora of 20 Japanese-Hawaiians. Appl. Microbiol. 27: 961-979.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Oscillospiraceae Genus:  Pseudoflavonifractor Alt. name:  Bacteroides capillosus Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  60
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    High T(℃):  45(+)
    Bile reaction(%):  20(neg)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  d(neg)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg D-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  w Galactose:  w Glucose:  w Mannose:  w Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  w Lactose:  w Maltose:  w Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  w Trehalose:  neg Glycogen:  neg Starch:  w Xylan:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Melibiose:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  d β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg GluDC:  neg AlanineAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg LeuGlyAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg Lecithinase:  neg Lipase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Propionate:  minor(+) Lactate:  minor(+) Succinate:  + H2S:  neg Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Augmentin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (≤0.015-0.25)
    amp-sulb:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.06->32)
    penicillin_G:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (≤0.03-1)
    piper-taz:  Var(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: >128, RNG: (0.06->128)
    tica-clav:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.06->128)
    imipenem:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.015–16)
    cefalexin:  Var(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: >32, RNG: (≤0.03->32)
    cefoxitin:  Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 32, RNG: (0.25–>128)
    ceftizoxime:  SensRNG: (0.06-0.25)
    cefuroxime:  S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: -, RNG: (0.015–>32)
    azithromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (≤0.03-0.25)
    erythromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 2, RNG: (≤0.03-2)
    ciprofloxacin:  S(MIC50): ≤0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (≤0.5->8)
    gatifloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: -, RNG: (0.03->8)
    levofloxacin:  S(MIC50): ≤0.06, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (≤0.06->8)
    moxifloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: -, RNG: (0.03->8)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.06-4)
    teicoplanin:  SensRNG: (0.25-0.5)
    vancomycin:  Var(MIC50): 4-8), MIC90: Var(4-8
    chloramphenicol:  S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.25–32)
    metronidazole:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 4, RNG: (≤0.03-4)
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): ≤0.03, MIC90: 2, RNG: (≤0.03-2)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PSEUDOFLAVONIFRACTOR CAPILLOSUS
  • Carlier2010 - Proposal to unify Clostridium orbiscindens Winter et al. 1991 and Eubacterium plautii (S\'eguin 1928) Hofstad and Aasjord 1982, with description of Flavonifractor plautii gen. nov., comb. nov., and reassignment of Bacteroides capillosus to Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus gen. nov., comb. nov.
  • Chen2020a - Featured Gut Microbiomes Associated With the Progression of Chronic Hepatitis B Disease
  • Li2012 - Molecular-phylogenetic characterization of the microbiota in ulcerated and non-ulcerated regions in the patients with Crohn's disease
  • Takahashi2016 - Reduced Abundance of Butyrate-Producing Bacteria Species in the Fecal Microbial Community in Crohn's Disease
  • Weir2013 - Stool microbiome and metabolome differences between colorectal cancer patients and healthy adults
  • Goldstein2003a - In vitro activities of ABT-492, a new fluoroquinolone, against 155 aerobic and 171 anaerobic pathogens isolated from antral sinus puncture specimens from patients with sinusitis.
  • Goldstein2000a - Comparative In vitro activities of ertapenem (MK-0826) against 1,001 anaerobes isolated from human intra-abdominal infections.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PSEUDOFLAVONIFRACTOR CAPILLOSUS
  • Benno1986 - Comparison of the fecal microflora in rural Japanese and urban Canadians.
  • Benno1989 - Comparison of fecal microflora of elderly persons in rural and urban areas of Japan.
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Chen2020 - Structural and Functional Characterization of the Gut Microbiota in Elderly Women With Migraine
  • Chen2020a - Featured Gut Microbiomes Associated With the Progression of Chronic Hepatitis B Disease
  • Dubinkina2017 - Links of gut microbiota composition with alcohol dependence syndrome and alcoholic liver disease
  • Finegold1974 - Effect of diet on human fecal flora: comparison of Japanese and American diets
  • Finegold1977 - Fecal microbial flora in Seventh Day Adventist populations and control subjects.
  • Forster2019 - A human gut bacterial genome and culture collection for improved metagenomic analyses.
  • Holdeman1976 - Human fecal flora: variation in bacterial composition within individuals and a possible effect of emotional stress.
  • Hu2019 - The Gut Microbiome Signatures Discriminate Healthy From Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • LeChatelier2013 - Richness of human gut microbiome correlates with metabolic markers
  • Moore1974 - Human fecal flora: the normal flora of 20 Japanese-Hawaiians.
  • Qin2012 - Metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Rothschild2018 - Environment dominates over host genetics in shaping human gut microbiota.
  • Tyakht2013 - Human gut microbiota community structures in urban and rural populations in Russia.
  • Urban2020 - Altered Fecal Microbiome Years after Traumatic Brain Injury
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • Zupancic2012 - Analysis of the Gut Microbiota in the Old Order Amish and Its Relation to the Metabolic Syndrome.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR PSEUDOFLAVONIFRACTOR CAPILLOSUS
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
    • Added: April 08, 2021