Pseudomonas alcaligenes

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Pseudomonas alcaligenes is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 64-68%. Pseudomonas alcaligenes is unlikely to be a gut coloniser. (Palleroni2005bBergey; Monias1928)



  • This organism has been recovered from swimming pool water. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Palleroni2005bBergey); (Monias1928);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • arginine;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 41℃;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • alanine; γ-aminobutyrate; arginine; glutamate; leucine; proline; acetate; caprate; caprylate; fumarate; lactate; L-malate; nonanoate; propionate; pyruvate; succinate; glutamine;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • propanol; D-alanine; δ-aminovalerate; histamine; histidine; tyrosine; aconitate; adipate; butyrate; caproate; citrate; heptanoate; valerate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • arginine dihydrolase; catalase; oxidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • lipase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Palleroni2005bBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✓
  • Nitrite:
  • reduced
  • Pigments:
  • variable
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Citron1997);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; imipenem; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefotetan; cefoxitin;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; levofloxacin; ofloxacin; trovafloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • gentamicin;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Gammaproteobacteria Order:  Pseudomonadales Family:  Pseudomonadaceae Genus:  Pseudomonas Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  variable
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  swimming pool water
    DNA G+C(%):  64-68
    High T(℃):  41(+)
    		Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Arginine:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  neg Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Adonitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Ethanolamine:  neg Gluconate:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Propanol:  d Salicin:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Starch:  neg Ala:  + D-Ala:  d 4-Aminobutyrate:  + 5-Aminovalerate:  d Arg:  + Asp:  neg Betaine:  neg L-Citrulline:  neg Glu:  + Gly:  neg Hippurate:  neg Histamine:  d His:  d Ile:  neg DL-Kynurenine:  neg Leu:  + Lys:  neg Norleucine:  neg Orn:  neg Phe:  neg Pro:  + Sarcosine:  neg Ser:  neg Thr:  neg Trigonelline:  neg Tyr:  d Val:  neg Acetate:  + Aconitate:  d Adipate:  d Azelate:  neg Benzoate:  neg Butyrate:  d Caprate:  + Caproate:  d Caprylate:  + Citraconate:  neg Citrate:  d Fumarate:  + Glutarate:  neg Glycerate:  neg Glycolate:  neg Heptanoate:  d 3-Hydroxybutyrate:  neg 3-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg 4-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg Isobutyrate:  neg Isovalerate:  neg Itaconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg Lactate:  + Levulinate:  neg Malate:  neg L-Malate:  + Maleate:  neg Malonate:  neg L-Mandelate:  neg Mesaconate:  neg Mucate:  neg Nonanoate:  + Phenol:  neg Phenylacetate:  neg Pimelate:  neg Propionate:  + Pyruvate:  + Saccharate:  neg Sebacate:  neg Suberate:  neg Succinate:  + D-Tartrate:  neg L-Tartrate:  neg Valerate:  d
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + ArgDH:  + Lecithinase:  neg Lipase:  d
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Indole:  neg Pigment:  variable
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Augmentin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.5–1)
    piper-taz:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.5–4)
    imipenem:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (0.125)
    cefotetan:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.5–2)
    cefoxitin:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.5–16)
    gentamicin:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 2, RNG: (1–2)
    ciprofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.03–0.5)
    levofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.015, MIC90: 0.03, RNG: (0.015–0.03)
    ofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.015, MIC90: 0.015, RNG: (0.015–0.125)
    trovafloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.015, MIC90: 0.06, RNG: (0.015–0.125)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PSEUDOMONAS ALCALIGENES
  • Palleroni2005bBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Gammaproteobacteria Part B. Family Pseudomonadaceae, Genus I. Pseudomonas
  • Monias1928 - Classification of Bacterium Alcaligenes, Pyocyaneum and Fluorescens.
  • Citron1997 - Comparative in vitro activities of trovafloxacin (CP-99,219) against 221 aerobic and 217 anaerobic bacteria isolated from patients with intra-abdominal infections.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PSEUDOMONAS ALCALIGENES
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
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    • Added: January 14, 2022