Pseudoxanthomonas mexicana

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Pseudoxanthomonas mexicana is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 3 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 67.8%. Pseudoxanthomonas mexicana is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Thierry2004)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, and urine. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Thierry2004);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; DNA; gelatin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • starch;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 10℃; grows at 37℃; doesn't grow at 41℃; Grows optimally at 30-37℃.
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • N-acetylglucosamine; cellubiose; gentiobiose; maltose; maltotriose; aspartate; glutamate; histidine; proline; serine; 3-hydroxybutyrate; propionate; glutamine;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • fructose; glucose; mannose; trehalose; γ-aminobutyrate; histamine; tyrosine; DL-lactate; succinate; putrescine; oxoglutarate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; acid phosphatase; catalase; DNase; esterase C4; esterase lipase C8; Leu arylamidase; oxidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Thierry2004);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • ONPG test:
  • not active
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
  • ✗
  • Nitrite:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Thierry2004);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin; amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; imipenem; penicillin G; piperacillin; piperacillin-tazobactam; ticarcillin;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefotaxime; ceftazidime; cephalothin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; ofloxacin;
  • pipemidic-acid;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin; gentamicin; kanamycin; netilmycin; tobramycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • colistin;

  • McLaughlin, S. D., Walker, A. W., Churcher, C., Clark, S. K., Tekkis, P. P., Johnson, M. W., Parkhill, J., Ciclitira, P. J., Dougan, G., Nicholls, R. J., & Petrovska, L. (2010). The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing. Annals of Surgery, 252(1), 90–98.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Gammaproteobacteria Order:  Lysobacterales Family:  Lysobacteraceae Genus:  Pseudoxanthomonas Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, and urine
    DNA G+C(%):  67.8
    Opt. T:  30-37℃
    Low T(℃):  10(+)
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    High T(℃):  41(neg)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  + Starch:  d DNA:  + Tween:  80(vr)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Glucose:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  d Fucose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  d D-Lyxose:  neg Mannose:  d Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  + Gentiobiose:  + Lactose:  neg Maltose:  + Maltotriose:  + Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Raffinose:  neg Sucrose:  neg D-Turanose:  neg Trehalose:  d N_Acetyl_glucosamine:  + Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Ethanolamine:  neg Gluconate:  neg Glucosamine:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Ala:  neg D-Ala:  neg 4-Aminobutyrate:  d 5-Aminovalerate:  neg Asp:  + Glu:  + Histamine:  d His:  + Pro:  + Ser:  + Trigonelline:  neg Tryptamine:  neg Trp:  neg Tyr:  d Aconitate:  neg Adipate:  neg Benzoate:  neg Caprate:  neg Caprylate:  neg Citrate:  neg Fumarate:  neg Glutarate:  neg DL-Glycerate:  neg 3-Hydroxybutyrate:  + 3-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg 4-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg Itaconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg DL-Lactate:  d L-Malate:  neg Malonate:  neg Phenylacetate:  neg Phenylpropionate:  neg Propionate:  + Quinate:  neg Saccharate:  neg Succinate:  d D-Tartrate:  neg L-Tartrate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg LeuAA:  + AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  + DNAse:  + Esterase(C4):  + EstLip(C8):  + Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amoxicillin:  S(0.21)
    Augmentin:  S(0.21)
    penicillin_G:  S(0.21)
    piperacillin:  S(0.13)
    piper-taz:  S(0.09)
    ticarcillin:  S(0.09)
    imipenem:  S(0.57)
    cefotaxime:  S(0.02)
    ceftazidime:  S(0.02)
    cephalothin:  S(0.13)
    amikacin:  R(45)
    gentamicin:  R(32)
    kanamycin:  R(91)
    netilmycin:  R(181)
    tobramycin:  R(128)
    erythromycin:  I(1.74)
    ciprofloxacin:  S(0.04)
    ofloxacin:  S(0.03)
    pipemidic_acid:  R(28)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  S(0.01)
    SXT:  S(0.02)
    colistin:  S(<2)
    fusidic-acid:  I(16)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PSEUDOXANTHOMONAS MEXICANA
  • Thierry2004 - Pseudoxanthomonas mexicana sp. nov. and Pseudoxanthomonas japonensis sp. nov., isolated from diverse environments, and emended descriptions of the genus Pseudoxanthomonas Finkmann et al. 2000 and of its type species.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PSEUDOXANTHOMONAS MEXICANA
  • McLaughlin2010 - The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • ...............................
    • Added: April 08, 2021