Ralstonia mannitolilytica

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Ralstonia mannitolilytica is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 66.2%. Ralstonia mannitolilytica is probably a rare gut coloniser. (DeBaere2001; Yabuuchi2005Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from clinical sources (sputum, blood, nasopharynx - CCUG) and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (DeBaere2001); (Yabuuchi2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • urea;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 41℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • L-arabinose; fructose; galactose; glucose; cellubiose; lactose; glycerol; mannitol;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • L-arabinose; d_arabitol; fructose; galactose; gluconate; glucose; glycerol; lactose; maltose; mannitol; xylose; β-alanine; γ-aminobutyrate; histidine; proline; serine; acetate; azelate; butyrate; caprate; citrate; formate; fumarate; 3-hydroxybutyrate; 4-hydroxybenzoate; 2-ketogluconate; malate; malonate; mucate; propionate; suberate; succinate; 4-hydroxybutyrate; D-galacturonate; ;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; catalase; esterase lipase C8; Leu arylamidase; oxidase; phosphoamidase; phenylalanine deaminase; urease;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (DeBaere2001); (Yabuuchi2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • Nitrite:
  • not reduced
  • Pigments:
  • beige
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Yabuuchi2005Bergey);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin; ampicillin; aztreonam; imipenem; meropenem; penicillin; piperacillin;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefotaxime;
  • cefaclor; cefazolin; cefmetazole; moxalactam;
  • Macrolides:
  • clarithromycin; erythromycin; roxithromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline; minocycline; tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; levofloxacin; ofloxacin; sparfloxacin;
  • norfloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin; gentamicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • trimethoprim; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • polymyxin B;

  • Zoetendal, E. G., von Wright, A., Vilpponen-Salmela, T., Ben-Amor, K., Akkermans, A. D. L., & de Vos, W. M. (2002). Mucosa-associated bacteria in the human gastrointestinal tract are uniformly distributed along the colon and differ from the community recovered from feces. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 68(7), 3401–3407.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Betaproteobacteria Order:  Burkholderiales Family:  Burkholderiaceae Genus:  Ralstonia Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  beige
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  clinical sources (sputum, blood, nasopharynx - CCUG) and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  66.2
    High T(℃):  41(+)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  + Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Tween:  80(+)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Inulin:  neg Adonitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Glycerol:  + Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  neg Ethanol:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg D-Arabitol:  + Gluconate:  + Glycerol:  + Mannitol:  + Salicin:  neg Sorbitol:  neg β-Ala:  + 4-Aminobutyrate:  + Arg:  neg His:  + Orn:  neg Pro:  + Ser:  + Acetate:  + Adipate:  neg Azelate:  + Benzoate:  neg Butyrate:  + Caprate:  + Citrate:  + Formate:  + Fumarate:  + 3-Hydroxybutyrate:  + 3-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg 4-Hydroxybenzoate:  + 2-Ketogluconate:  + 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Malate:  + Maleate:  neg Malonate:  + Mucate:  + Phenylacetate:  neg Propionate:  + Suberate:  + Succinate:  + D-Tartrate:  neg L-Tartrate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  + Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg Chymotrypsin:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg Phe deaminase:  + Trypsin:  neg CystineAA:  neg LeuAA:  + ValAA:  neg AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  vr Esterase(C4):  vr EstLip(C8):  + Lipase(C14):  vr Phosphoamidase:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg Pigment:  beige
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amoxicillin:  R(25; disc)
    ampicillin:  R(10; disc)
    aztreonam:  R(30; disc)
    penicillin:  R(25; disc)
    piperacillin:  R(100; disc)
    imipenem:  R(10; disc)
    meropenem:  R(10; disc)
    cefaclor:  R(30; disc)
    cefazolin:  R(30; disc)
    cefmetazole:  R(30; disc)
    cefoperazone:  Var(MIC50): 75; disc), MIC90: Var(75; disc
    cefotaxime:  S(30; disc)
    ceftazidime:  Var(MIC50): 30; disc), MIC90: Var(30; disc
    moxalactam:  R(30; disc)
    amikacin:  R(30; disc)
    gentamicin:  R(10; disc)
    erythromycin:  R(15; disc)
    clarithromycin:  R(15; disc)
    roxithromycin:  R(15; disc)
    ciprofloxacin:  S(5; disc)
    levofloxacin:  S(5; disc)
    norfloxacin:  R(10; disc)
    ofloxacin:  S(5; disc)
    sparfloxacin:  S(5; disc)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  S(10; disc)
    minocycline:  S(30; disc)
    tetracycline:  S(30; disc)
    trimethoprim:  R(5; disc)
    SXT:  R(25; disc)
    polymyxin_B:  R(300; disc)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR RALSTONIA MANNITOLILYTICA
  • DeBaere2001 - Classification of Ralstonia pickettii biovar 3/'thomasii' strains (Pickett 1994) and of new isolates related to nosocomial recurrent meningitis as Ralstonia mannitolytica sp. nov.
  • Yabuuchi2005Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria Part C. Family Burkholderiaceae, Genus I. Ralstonia
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR RALSTONIA MANNITOLILYTICA
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
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    • Added: April 08, 2021