Rhodococcus erythropolis

(aka Mycobacterium erythropolis)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Rhodococcus erythropolis, (aka Mycobacterium erythropolis), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, aerobic, non-motile, bacterium. It has been detected in at least 4 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 65.2%. Rhodococcus erythropolis is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Goodfellow1977; Tate1974)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces and clinical sources (wound, blood, tissue - CCUG). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Koch1995); (Goodfellow1977); (Tate1974);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; urea;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows weakly at 25℃; grows weakly at 37℃; Grows optimally at 30℃.
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • N-acetylglucosamine; adonitol; gluconate; glucose; inositol; maltose; mannitol; ribose; sorbose; sucrose; trehalose; alanine; γ-aminobutyrate; leucine; valine; acetate; caprate; citrate; 4-hydroxybenzoate; malate; phenylacetate; quinate; succinate; putrescine; oxoglutarate;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • benzoate; acetamide;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; catalase; α-glucosidase; Leu arylamidase; urease;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • esterase lipase C8;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Goodfellow1977); (Tate1974);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • Nitrite:
  • not reduced
  • ✓
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced
  • Pigments:
  • pink

  • Walker, A. W., Sanderson, J. D., Churcher, C., Parkes, G. C., Hudspith, B. N., Rayment, N., Brostoff, J., Parkhill, J., Dougan, G., & Petrovska, L. (2011). High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease. BMC Microbiology, 11, 7.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Mycobacteriales Family:  Nocardiaceae Genus:  Rhodococcus Alt. name:  Mycobacterium erythropolis Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Pigment:  pink
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces and clinical sources (wound, blood, tissue - CCUG)
    DNA G+C(%):  65.2
    Opt. T:  30℃
    Lower T(℃):  25(w)
    Mid T(℃):  37(w)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  + Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Hippurate:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  neg Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Turanose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Dextrin:  neg Glycogen:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg NAc-α-GA:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Sorbose:  + Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  + Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + N_Acetyl_glucosamine:  + Adonitol:  + D-Arabitol:  neg Gluconate:  + Glucosamine:  neg Inositol:  + Mannitol:  + Ala:  + 4-Aminobutyrate:  + Asp:  neg Leu:  + Val:  + Acetate:  + Benzoate:  d(neg) Caprate:  + Citrate:  + 3-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg 4-Hydroxybenzoate:  + Malate:  + Phenylacetate:  + Pimelate:  neg Quinate:  + Succinate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  + Urease:  + Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg β-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg AlaPheProAA:  neg LeuAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  vr Esterase(C4):  vr EstLip(C8):  d Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg Pigment:  pink

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR RHODOCOCCUS ERYTHROPOLIS
  • Koch1995 - Transfer of Arthrobacter picolinophilus Tate and Ensign 1974 to Rhodococcus erythropolis.
  • Goodfellow1977 - The Actinomycete-genus Rhodococcus: A Home for the 'rhodochrous' Complex.
  • Tate1974 - A new species of Arthrobacter which degrades picolinic acid.
  • Yoon1997 - Reclassification of Nocardioides simplex ATCC 13260, ATCC 19565, and ATCC 19566 as Rhodococcus erythropolis.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR RHODOCOCCUS ERYTHROPOLIS
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • Added: April 08, 2021