Rhodococcus rhodochrous

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Rhodococcus rhodochrous is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, aerobic, non-motile, coccus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 67-70%. Rhodococcus rhodochrous is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Rainey1995a; Tsukamura1991)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, and soil. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread (notes: opportunistic in immunocompromised patients). Can cause opportunistic infections, particularly in immunocompromised people. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Rainey1995a); (Tsukamura1991);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • urea;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 28℃; grows at 40℃; strain-variable at 42(d);
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • ethanol; glucose; propanol; sucrose; glutamate; butanol; glutamine;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • mannitol; trehalose; acetamide;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; esterase lipase C8; α-glucosidase; β-glucosidase; Leu arylamidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • acid phosphatase; urease;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Rainey1995a); (Tsukamura1991);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ±
  • VP test:
  • strain dependent
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
  • ✓
  • Nitrite:
  • reduced
  • ✓
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Rainey1995a); (Tsukamura1991);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • rifampicin;

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Mycobacteriales Family:  Nocardiaceae Genus:  Rhodococcus Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Coccus
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, and soil
    DNA G+C(%):  67-70
    Lower T(℃):  28(+)
    Mid T(℃):  40(+)
    High T(℃):  42(d)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  d Gelatin:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg Glucose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  d(+) Trehalose:  d(neg) Ethanol:  + Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  d Propanol:  + Glu:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  + Urease:  d Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg LeuAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  vr AcidP:  d Esterase(C4):  vr EstLip(C8):  + Lipase(C14):  vr
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    rifampicin:  S(25; disc)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR RHODOCOCCUS RHODOCHROUS
  • Rainey1995a - Polyphasic Evidence for the Transfer of Rhodococcus roseus to Rhodococcus rhodochrous.
  • Tsukamura1991 - Rhodococcus roseus sp. nov., nom. rev.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR RHODOCOCCUS RHODOCHROUS
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • Added: April 08, 2021