Rothia halotolerans

(aka Kocuria halotolerans)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Rothia halotolerans, (aka Kocuria halotolerans), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, aerobic, non-motile, coccus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 68.0%. Rothia halotolerans is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Tang2009)



  • This organism has been recovered from saline soil and human faeces. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • High salt required for optimum growth, so unlikely gut coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Tang2009);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 0% salt; tolerates 10% salt; Grows optimally with 5% salt.
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at pH 7.0-8.0.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 10℃; grows at 37℃; doesn't grow at 45℃; Grows optimally at 28-37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • L-arabinose; fructose; galactose; mannose; ribose; D-tagatose; amygdalin; aesculin; maltose; melezitose; D-turanose; adonitol; D-arabitol; inositol; mannitol; sorbitol; arbutin; N-Ac glucosamine; salicin;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • L-arabinose; galactose; ribose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; catalase; cystine arylamidase; α-glucosidase; β-glucosidase; Leu arylamidase; trypsin; Val arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Tang2009);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S;
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
  • Pigments:
  • pale yellow

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Micrococcales Family:  Micrococcaceae Genus:  Rothia Alt. name:  Kocuria halotolerans Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Coccus Pigment:  pale yellow
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  saline soil and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  68.0
    Opt. T:  28-37℃
    Low T(℃):  10(+)
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    High T(℃):  45(neg)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  0(+)
    NaCl >6%:  10(+)
    Opt. pH:  7.0-8.0
    		Aesculin:  + Gelatin:  neg Tween:  20(neg) 40(neg) 80(neg)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  + Glucose:  w Mannose:  + D-Lyxose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  + Xylose:  neg L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Gentiobiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  + Melezitose:  + Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  w Trehalose:  neg Turanose:  + Amygdalin:  + Aesculin:  + Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  + D-Arabitol:  + L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  w Inositol:  + Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  + Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  + Gluconate:  w 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  + Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  + Galactose:  + Ribose:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg Chymotrypsin:  neg Trypsin:  + CystineAA:  + LeuAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg ValAA:  + AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  neg Esterase(C4):  neg EstLip(C8):  neg Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Pigment:  pale yellow

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR ROTHIA HALOTOLERANS
  • Tang2009 - Kocuria halotolerans sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from a saline soil in China.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR ROTHIA HALOTOLERANS
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
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    • Added: April 08, 2021