Ruminococcus gauvreauii

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Ruminococcus gauvreauii is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, coccus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 6 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. Ruminococcus gauvreauii is probably a common, although minor, coloniser of the gut. (Domingo2008; Togo2018)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Is a known gut commensal. Robust growth can have positive consequences for gut health.
    • QUIRKS
  • In 19% of Europeans (unseenbio.com). Minor coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Domingo2008); (Togo2018);
    Character Response
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at 35-37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; galactose; glucose; ribose; sucrose; inositol; mannitol; sorbitol;
  • Active enzymes:
  • acid phosphatase; naphthol-ASBI-P;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Domingo2008); (Togo2018);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS
    Class Active Resistant
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • kanamycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin; teicoplanin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • colistin;

  • All ruminococci require fermentable carbohydrates for growth, and their substrate preferences appear to be based on the diet of their particular host. Most ruminococci that have been studied are those capable of degrading cellulose, much less is known about non-cellulolytic non-ruminant-associated species, and even less is known about the environmental distribution of ruminococci as a whole. [PMID: 28348838]

  • GutFeeling KnowledgeBase COMMENTS [Website]

    Ruminococcus species are defined as strictly anaerobic, Gram-positive, non-motile cocci that do not produce endospores and require fermentable carbohydrates for growth (Rainey, 2009b). They were initially described from the isolation of Ruminococcus flavefaciens from the bovine rumen (Sijpesteijn, 1948). Ruminococcus is currently considered a polyphyletic genus, with species members belonging to two separate families: the Ruminococcaceae and the Lachnospiraceae (Rainey & Janssen, 1995). Ruminococcus species are predominantly associated with herbivores and omnivores, relative to carnivores, and that significantly abundant Ruminococcus populations are absent in non-host-associated environments. [PMID: 28348838]

  • Domingo, M.-C., Huletsky, A., Boissinot, M., Bernard, K. A., Picard, F. J., & Bergeron, M. G. (2008). Ruminococcus gauvreauii sp. nov., a glycopeptide-resistant species isolated from a human faecal specimen. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 58(Pt 6), 1393–1397.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Oscillospiraceae Genus:  Ruminococcus Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Coccus
    Health:   Positive
    Source:  human faeces
    Opt. T:  35-37℃
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Milk:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  + Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  + Salicin:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg GluDC:  neg AlanineAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg LeuGlyAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg AcidP:  + Lecithinase:  neg Lipase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    kanamycin:  R(1000; disc)
    ciprofloxacin:  Sens
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    teicoplanin:  R(>256)
    vancomycin:  R(>256)
    metronidazole:  S(<0.125)
    colistin:  R(10; disc)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR RUMINOCOCCUS GAUVREAUII
  • Domingo2008 - Ruminococcus gauvreauii sp. nov., a glycopeptide-resistant species isolated from a human faecal specimen.
  • Togo2018 - Description of Mediterraneibacter massiliensis, gen. nov., sp. nov., a new genus isolated from the gut microbiota of an obese patient and reclassification of Ruminococcus faecis, Ruminococcus lactaris, Ruminococcus torques, Ruminococcus gnavus and Clostridium glycyrrhizinilyticum as Mediterraneibacter faecis comb. nov., Mediterraneibacter lactaris comb. nov., Mediterraneibacter torques comb. nov., Mediterraneibacter gnavus comb. nov. and Mediterraneibacter glycyrrhizinilyticus comb. nov.
  • Toya2020 - Coronary artery disease is associated with an altered gut microbiome composition
  • Zhang2020 - Analysis of gut mycobiota in first-episode, drug-naïve Chinese patients with schizophrenia: A pilot study
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR RUMINOCOCCUS GAUVREAUII
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • De2020 - Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiome and resistome of diarrheal fecal samples from Kolkata, India, reveals the core and variable microbiota including signatures of microbial dark matter.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • PerisBondia2011 - The active human gut microbiota differs from the total microbiota.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR RUMINOCOCCUS GAUVREAUII
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
    • Added: April 08, 2021