Ruthenibacterium lactatiformans

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Ruthenibacterium lactatiformans is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 5 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 56.5%. Ruthenibacterium lactatiformans is a common gut coloniser. (Shkoporov2016)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces (Shkoporov2016). Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • In 99% of Europeans (unseenbio.com).
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Shkoporov2016);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; starch;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • galactose; maltose; salicin;
  • Active enzymes:
  • N-Ac β-glucosaminidase; α-galactosidase; β-galactosidase; α-glucosidase; β-glucosidase; β-glucuronidase; α-mannosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Shkoporov2016);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • lactate; succinate;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Shkoporov2016);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin-clavulanic acid;
  • ampicillin; penicillin G;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cephalothin;
  • Macrolides:
  • azithromycin;
  • Quinolines:
  • levofloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin; linezolid;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Oscillospiraceae Genus:  Ruthenibacterium Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  neg
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces (Shkoporov2016)
    DNA G+C(%):  56.5
    Opt. T:  37℃
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  neg Galactose:  + Glucose:  w Rhamnose:  w Lactose:  neg Maltose:  + Trehalose:  neg Adonitol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Salicin:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg α-Arab:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  + α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  + β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  + α-Mannosidase:  + β-Mannosidase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Lactate:  + Succinate:  + Indole:  neg Pigment:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Augmentin:  S(30; disc)
    ampicillin:  R(2; disc)
    penicillin_G:  R(10U)
    cephalothin:  R(30; disc)
    amikacin:  R(30; disc)
    azithromycin:  R(15; disc)
    linezolid:  R(30; disc)
    levofloxacin:  R(5; disc)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    vancomycin:  S(30; disc)
    clindamycin:  R(2; disc)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR RUTHENIBACTERIUM LACTATIFORMANS
  • Shkoporov2016 - Ruthenibacterium lactatiformans gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic, lactate-producing member of the family Ruminococcaceae isolated from human faeces.
  • Minerbi2019 - Altered microbiome composition in individuals with fibromyalgia
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR RUTHENIBACTERIUM LACTATIFORMANS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Minerbi2019 - Altered microbiome composition in individuals with fibromyalgia
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • Wang2020a - Aberrant gut microbiota alters host metabolome and impacts renal failure in humans and rodents
  • Zou2019 - 1,520 reference genomes from cultivated human gut bacteria enable functional microbiome analyses.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR RUTHENIBACTERIUM LACTATIFORMANS
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: July 12, 2021