Sarcina ventriculi

(aka Clostridium ventriculi)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Sarcina ventriculi, (aka Clostridium ventriculi), is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, anaerobic, non-motile, coccus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 8 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 30.6%. Sarcina ventriculi is probably a common, although minor, coloniser of the gut. (CanaleParola2011Bergey; Bortolotti2019)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, clinical specimens (blood) and the environment. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Is a rare opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (CanaleParola2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 4.2-8.0; tolerates pH 8;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at 30-37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; lactose; maltose; melibiose; sucrose;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • L-arabinose; cellubiose;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • arginine; glutamate; histidine; isoleucine; leucine; methionine; phenylalanine; serine; tryptophan; tyrosine; valine; glutamine;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (CanaleParola2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; ethanol; CO₂; H₂;
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Bortolotti2019);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin; amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; imipenem; penicillin; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • Quinolines:
  • levofloxacin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • rifampicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin; linezolid;

  • Finegold, S. M., Sutter, V. L., Sugihara, P. T., Elder, H. A., Lehmann, S. M., & Phillips, R. L. (1977). Fecal microbial flora in Seventh Day Adventist populations and control subjects. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 30(11), 1781–1792.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Clostridiaceae Genus:  Sarcina Alt. name:  Clostridium ventriculi Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  anaerobic Spore:  Endospore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Coccus Pigment:  neg
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, clinical specimens (blood) and the environment
    DNA G+C(%):  30.6
    Opt. T:  30-37℃
    pH 4.2-5.9:  4.2-8.0(+)
    pH >8:  8(+)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  d Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Ribose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  d Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  neg Glycogen:  neg Starch:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Mannitol:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arg:  + Glu:  + His:  + Ile:  + Leu:  + Met:  + Phe:  + Ser:  + Trp:  + Tyr:  + Val:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Ethanol:  + CO2:  + H2:  + Pigment:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amoxicillin:  S(0.5)
    Augmentin:  Sens
    penicillin:  S(0.25)
    piper-taz:  Sens
    imipenem:  Sens
    linezolid:  Sens
    levofloxacin:  Sens
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    vancomycin:  Sens
    rifampicin:  Sens
    metronidazole:  Sens
    clindamycin:  Sens

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR SARCINA VENTRICULI
  • CanaleParola2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Clostridiaceae Genus X. Sarcina
  • DeAngelis2013 - Fecal microbiota and metabolome of children with autism and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified
  • Bortolotti2019 - Clostridium ventriculi bacteremia following acute colonic pseudo-obstruction: A case report.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR SARCINA VENTRICULI
  • Aujoulat2014 - Temporal dynamics of the very premature infant gut dominant microbiota.
  • Browne2016 - Culturing of 'unculturable' human microbiota reveals novel taxa and extensive sporulation.
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Finegold1977 - Fecal microbial flora in Seventh Day Adventist populations and control subjects.
  • Forster2019 - A human gut bacterial genome and culture collection for improved metagenomic analyses.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR SARCINA VENTRICULI
  • Vos2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology: Vol. 3. The Firmicutes
    • Added: October 27, 2021