Scardovia inopinata

(aka Bifidobacterium inopinatum)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Scardovia inopinata, (aka Bifidobacterium inopinatum), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, anaerobic, non-motile, coccus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 6 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 54%. Scardovia inopinata is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Jian2002; Crociani1996)



  • This organism has been recovered from dental disease and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread (notes: opportunistic in immunocompromised patients). Can cause opportunistic infections, particularly in immunocompromised people. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Jian2002); (Crociani1996);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • grows weakly at pH 4.9; grows weakly at pH 8; Grows optimally at pH 6.9-7.4.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 27℃; grows at 44℃; Grows optimally at 39-42℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; glucose; ribose; xylose; amygdalin; glycogen; starch; gentiobiose; lactose; maltose; melibiose; raffinose; sucrose; D-turanose; arbutin; salicin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • inulin; melezitose;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • melibiose;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Jian2002); (Crociani1996);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate (major); lactate;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • Hâ‚‚S; ammonia; indole;
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Bifidobacteriales Family:  Bifidobacteriaceae Genus:  Scardovia Alt. name:  Bifidobacterium inopinatum Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Coccus
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  dental disease and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  54
    Opt. T:  39-42℃
    Lower T(℃):  27(+)
    High T(℃):  44(+)
    Opt. pH:  6.9-7.4
    pH 4.2-5.9:  4.9(w)
    pH 6.0-8.0:  8(w)
    		Aesculin:  + Gelatin:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  + L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Gentiobiose:  + Lactose:  d(+) Maltose:  + Melezitose:  d Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  neg Turanose:  + Amygdalin:  + Glycogen:  + Inulin:  d(neg) Starch:  + Pectin:  neg Xylan:  neg Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  + Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  neg Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Melibiose:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  Major(+) Lactate:  + H2S:  neg Ammonia:  neg Indole:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR SCARDOVIA INOPINATA
  • Downes2011 - Scardovia wiggsiae sp. nov., isolated from the human oral cavity and clinical material, and emended descriptions of the genus Scardovia and Scardovia inopinata.
  • Jian2002 - Transfer of Bifidobacterium inopinatum and Bifidobacterium denticolens to Scardovia inopinata gen. nov., comb. nov., and Parascardovia denticolens gen. nov., comb. nov., respectively.
  • Crociani1996 - Bifidobacterium inopinatum sp. nov. and Bifidobacterium denticolens sp. nov., Two New Species Isolated from Human Dental Caries.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR SCARDOVIA INOPINATA
  • De2020 - Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiome and resistome of diarrheal fecal samples from Kolkata, India, reveals the core and variable microbiota including signatures of microbial dark matter.
  • Hu2019 - The Gut Microbiome Signatures Discriminate Healthy From Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
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    • Added: April 08, 2021