Sediminispirochaeta smaragdinae

(aka Spirochaeta smaragdinae)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Sediminispirochaeta smaragdinae, (aka Spirochaeta smaragdinae), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, motile, spirochete bacterium. It has been detected in at least 3 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 50%. Sediminispirochaeta smaragdinae is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Shivani2016; Magot1997)



  • This organism has been recovered from marine sediments. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • High salt required for optimum growth, so unlikely gut coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Shivani2016); (Magot1997);
    Character Response
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate 0% salt; tolerates 10% salt; Grows optimally with 5% salt.
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 5.5; tolerates pH 8.0; Grows optimally at pH 7.0.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 20℃; grows at 40℃; Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • fructose; galactose; glucose; glycerol; mannitol; mannose; ribose; xylose; fumarate;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Shivani2016); (Magot1997);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; lactate; ethanol; succinate; H₂S; CO₂; H₂;
  • ✓
  • Thiosulfate:
  • reduced

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Spirochaetes Class:  Spirochaetia Order:  Spirochaetales Family:  Spirochaetaceae Genus:  Sediminispirochaeta Alt. name:  Spirochaeta smaragdinae Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Spirochete
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  marine sediments
    DNA G+C(%):  50
    Opt. T:  37℃
    Lower T(℃):  20(+)
    Mid T(℃):  40(+)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  0(neg)
    NaCl >6%:  10(+)
    Opt. pH:  7.0
    pH 4.2-5.9:  5.5(+)
    pH 6.0-8.0:  8.0(+)
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Sorbose:  neg Xylose:  + Maltose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Glycerol:  + Mannitol:  + Acetate:  neg Butyrate:  neg Fumarate:  + Lactate:  neg Propionate:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Lactate:  + Ethanol:  + Succinate:  + H2S:  + CO2:  + H2:  +

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR SEDIMINISPIROCHAETA SMARAGDINAE
  • Shivani2016 - Description of 'Candidatus Marispirochaeta associata' and reclassification of Spirochaeta bajacaliforniensis, Spirochaeta smaragdinae and Spirochaeta sinaica to a new genus Sediminispirochaeta gen. nov. as Sediminispirochaeta bajacaliforniensis comb. nov., Sediminispirochaeta smaragdinae comb. nov. and Sediminispirochaeta sinaica comb. nov.
  • Magot1997 - Spirochaeta smaragdinae sp. nov., a new mesophilic strictly anaerobic spirochete from an oil field.
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR SEDIMINISPIROCHAETA SMARAGDINAE
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • Qin2012 - Metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes
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    • Added: March 18, 2022