Serratia ficaria

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Serratia ficaria is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 59.4-59.7%. Serratia ficaria is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Farmer1985; GarciaFraile2015; Grimont1979; Grimont2005cBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, figs, and wasps. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Farmer1985); (GarciaFraile2015); (Geiger2010); (Grimont1979); (Grimont2005cBergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; chitin; DNA; gelatin;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 0.5% salt; tolerates 7% salt;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 10;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 4℃; grows weakly at 40℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • arabinose; D-arabinose; L-arabinose; fructose; fucose; D-fucose; galactose; glucose; mannose; rhamnose; ribose; xylose; amygdalin; cellubiose; gentiobiose; maltose; melezitose; melibiose; raffinose; sucrose; trehalose; D-turanose; D-arabitol; erythritol; glycerol; inositol; mannitol; sorbitol; arbutin; 5-ketogluconate; α-methyl glucoside; N-Ac glucosamine; salicin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • lactose; adonitol;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • amygdalin; L-arabinose; d_arabitol; L-arabitol; cellubiose; aesculin; fructose; galactose; glucose; glycerol; inulin; maltose; mannitol; mannose; melezitose; melibiose; methyl-α-glucoside; rhamnose; raffinose; sorbitol; sucrose; trehalose; xylose; alanine; D-alanine; γ-aminobutyrate; cysteine; DL-kynurenine; proline; trigonelline; tyrosine; acetate; aconitate; benzoate; caprylate; citrate; mucate; pyruvate; quinate; putrescine; nicotinate;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • 4-hydroxybenzoate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; β-galactosidase; β-glucosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Farmer1985); (Geiger2010); (Grimont1979); (Grimont2005cBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✗
  • Methyl red test:
  • not active
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • ✓
  • ONPG test:
  • active
  • KCN growth:
  • growth observed
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
  • ✓
  • Nitrite:
  • reduced
  • ✓
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced
  • ✗
  • Thiosulfate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Grimont1979);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • carbenicillin;
  • ampicillin;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cephalothin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • minocycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • nalidixic-acid;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin; gentamicin; kanamycin; streptomycin; tobramycin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • rifampicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol; trimethoprim;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • colistin;

  • Pfleiderer, A., Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Robert, C., Vialettes, B., & Raoult, D. (2013). Culturomics identified 11 new bacterial species from a single anorexia nervosa stool sample. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases: Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 32(11), 1471–1481.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Gammaproteobacteria Order:  Enterobacterales Family:  Yersiniaceae Genus:  Serratia Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  neg
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, figs, and wasps
    DNA G+C(%):  59.4-59.7
    Low T(℃):  4(+)
    Mid T(℃):  40(w)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  0.5(+)
    NaCl >6%:  7(+)
    pH >8:  10(+)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  + Chitin:  + DNA:  + Tween:  40(+) 60(+) 80(+)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  + D-Arabinose:  + L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Fucose:  + D-Fucose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  + Ribose:  + Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  + L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  + Gentiobiose:  + Lactose:  d(neg) Maltose:  + Melezitose:  + Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Turanose:  + Amygdalin:  + Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  d D-Arabitol:  d(+) Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  + Glycerol:  + Inositol:  + Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  + Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  + Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  + Me-α-D-Glc:  + Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  + Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  + Sorbose:  neg Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Gentiobiose:  neg Maltose:  + Melezitose:  + Melibiose:  + Raffinose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + N_Acetyl_glucosamine:  neg Adonitol:  vr Amygdalin:  + D-Arabitol:  + L-Arabitol:  + Arbutin:  neg Erythritol:  w Aesculin:  + Glycerol:  + Glycogen:  neg Inositol:  neg Inulin:  + Mannitol:  + Me-α-D-Glc:  + Sorbitol:  + Starch:  neg Ala:  + D-Ala:  + 4-Aminobutyrate:  + Arg:  neg Betaine:  neg Cys:  + Histamine:  neg DL-Kynurenine:  + Lys:  neg Orn:  neg Pro:  + Trigonelline:  + Trp:  neg Tyr:  + Acetate:  + Aconitate:  + Benzoate:  + Caprylate:  + Citrate:  + 3-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg 4-Hydroxybenzoate:  d 2-Ketogluconate:  neg Malonate:  neg Mucate:  + Pyruvate:  + Quinate:  + D-Tartrate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  vr α-Galactosidase:  vr β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  vr β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg Phe deaminase:  neg TrpAA:  neg Lipase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg Pigment:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  R(vr)
    carbenicil:  Sens
    cephalothin:  Res
    amikacin:  Sens
    gentamicin:  Sens
    kanamycin:  Sens
    streptomycin:  Sens
    tobramycin:  Sens
    nalidixic-acid:  Sens
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    minocycline:  S(vr)
    tetracycline:  Var
    rifampicin:  Sens
    chloramphenicol:  Sens
    trimethoprim:  Sens
    colistin:  Sens

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR SERRATIA FICARIA
  • Farmer1985 - Biochemical identification of new species and biogroups of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from clinical specimens.
  • GarciaFraile2015 - Serratia myotis sp. nov. and Serratia vespertilionis sp. nov., isolated from bats hibernating in caves.
  • Geiger2010 - Serratia glossinae sp. nov., isolated from the midgut of the tsetse fly Glossina palpalis gambiensis.
  • Grimont1979 - Serratia ficaria sp. nov., a bacterial species associated with Smyrna figs and the fig wasp, Blastophaga psenes.
  • Grimont2005cBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Gammaproteobacteria Part B. Family Enterobacteriaceae, Genus XXXIV. Serratia
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR SERRATIA FICARIA
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
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    • Added: April 08, 2021