Shigella dysenteriae

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Shigella dysenteriae is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 5 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 53%. Shigella dysenteriae is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Strockbine2005Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 3, i.e., high risk of individual infection, and some risk of spread. This is a dangerous pathogen. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal. Robust growth can have negative consequences for gut health.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Strockbine2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • glucose; rhamnose;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • dulcitol; sorbitol;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • catalase; β-galactosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Strockbine2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • indole (strain-dependent);
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ±
  • ONPG test:
  • strain dependent
  • ✓
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • aztreonam; imipenem; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefepime; ceftazidime;
  • cephalothin;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; clinafloxacin; gatifloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • gentamicin;
  • streptomycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol;

  • Wathen-Grady, H. G., Britt, L. E., Strockbine, N. A., & Wachsmuth, I. K. (1990). Characterization of Shigella dysenteriae serotypes 11, 12, and 13. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 28(11), 2580–2584.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Gammaproteobacteria Order:  Enterobacterales Family:  Enterobacteriaceae Genus:  Shigella Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  neg
    Health:   Negative
    Source:  human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  53
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg Glucose:  + Rhamnose:  + Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Adonitol:  neg Dulcitol:  d Erythritol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  d Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Melibiose:  neg Acetate:  neg Citrate:  neg Malonate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  d Urease:  neg β-Galactosidase:  d ArgDH:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg Phe deaminase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  (d) Pigment:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    aztreonam:  S(MIC50): ≤0.12, MIC90: ≤0.12, RNG: (≤0.12-0.25)
    piper-taz:  S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 4, RNG: (≤0.5->64)
    imipenem:  S(≤0.5/≤0.5)
    cefepime:  S(MIC50): 0.12, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (≤0.12-1)
    ceftazidime:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.125-1)
    cephalothin:  R(239)
    amikacin:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 8, RNG: (2-8)
    gentamicin:  S(0.5)
    streptomycin:  R(250)
    ciprofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.015, MIC90: 0.03, RNG: (<0.008-0.25)
    clinafloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.008, MIC90: 0.02, RNG: (0.004-0.015)
    gatifloxacin:  S(MIC50): ≤0.03, MIC90: ≤0.03, RNG: (≤0.03-0.5)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    chloramphenicol:  S(<2)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE
  • Ewing1949 - Shigella Nomenclature.
  • Strockbine2005Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Gammaproteobacteria Part B. Family Enterobacteriaceae, Genus XXXV. Shigella
  • Hedin2015 - Siblings of patients with Crohn's disease exhibit a biologically relevant dysbiosis in mucosal microbial metacommunities
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE
  • De2020 - Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiome and resistome of diarrheal fecal samples from Kolkata, India, reveals the core and variable microbiota including signatures of microbial dark matter.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Zou2019 - 1,520 reference genomes from cultivated human gut bacteria enable functional microbiome analyses.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
    • Added: April 08, 2021