Slackia exigua

(aka Eubacterium exiguum)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Slackia exigua, (aka Eubacterium exiguum), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 5 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 60%. Slackia exigua is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Wade1999; Poco1996)



  • This organism has been recovered from clinical sources (fistula, blood, dental disease - CCUG) and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Wade1999); (Poco1996);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • arginine; hippurate;
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Doesn't tolerate 20% bile
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala arylamidase; acid phosphatase; Arg arylamidase; arginine dihydrolase; Gly arylamidase; His arylamidase; Leu arylamidase; Phe arylamidase; Pro arylamidase; Ser arylamidase; Tyr arylamidase; Val arylamidase; naphthol-ASBI-P;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Wade1999); (Poco1996);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • ammonia;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Goldstein2018a); (Goldstein2013a); (Goldstein2013b); (Tyrrell2012); (Citron2012a);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • ampicillin; ampicillin-sulbactam; imipenem; meropenem; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefoxitin;
  • ceftazidime;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tigecycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • moxifloxacin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin; linezolid;

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Coriobacteriia Order:  Eggerthellales Family:  Eggerthellaceae Genus:  Slackia Alt. name:  Eubacterium exiguum Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  clinical sources (fistula, blood, dental disease - CCUG) and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  60
    Bile reaction(%):  20(neg)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Arginine:  + Hippurate:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  neg Glucose:  neg Mannose:  neg Ribose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Dextrin:  neg Glycogen:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  neg Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Adonitol:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Erythritol:  neg Aesculin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Salicin:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Starch:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg G6PDH6PGDH:  neg α-Arab:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg β-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  + Chymotrypsin:  neg GluDC:  neg Trypsin:  neg AlanineAA:  + AlaPheProAA:  neg ArgAA:  + CystineAA:  w GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  + HisAA:  + LeuAA:  + LeuGlyAA:  w ProAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg PheAA:  + PyrogluAA:  neg SerAA:  + TyrAA:  + ValAA:  + AlkalineP:  neg AcidP:  + Esterase(C4):  neg EstLip(C8):  neg Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Ammonia:  + Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.06-1)
    amp-sulb:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.06–0.5)
    piper-taz:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.015–1)
    imipenem:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.015–0.5)
    meropenem:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.03–0.25)
    cefoxitin:  S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.125–16)
    ceftazidime:  R(MIC50): 8, MIC90: 32, RNG: (0.25–32)
    fidaxomicin:  Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 128, RNG: (0.25–256)
    linezolid:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.25–8)
    moxifloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.06–8)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tigecycline:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.125–0.5)
    vancomycin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.25–4)
    metronidazole:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.125–4)
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.06–>128)
    daptomycin:  Var(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.06–32)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR SLACKIA EXIGUA
  • Wade1999 - The family Coriobacteriaceae: reclassification of Eubacterium exiguum (Poco etal. 1996) and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens (Lanigan 1976) as Slackia exigua gen. nov., comb. nov. and Slackia heliotrinireducens gen. nov., comb. nov., and Eubacterium lentum (Prevot 1938) as Eggerthella lenta gen. nov., comb. nov.
  • Goldstein2018a - Comparative In Vitro Activities of Relebactam, Imipenem, the Combination of the Two, and Six Comparator Antimicrobial Agents against 432 Strains of Anaerobic Organisms, Including Imipenem-Resistant Strains.
  • Goldstein2013a - Comparative in vitro activities of SMT19969, a new antimicrobial agent, against Clostridium difficile and 350 gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic intestinal flora isolates.
  • Goldstein2013b - Comparative in vitro activities of GSK2251052, a novel boron-containing leucyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor, against 916 anaerobic organisms.
  • Tyrrell2012 - In vitro activity of TD-1792, a multivalent glycopeptide-cephalosporin antibiotic, against 377 strains of anaerobic bacteria and 34 strains of Corynebacterium species.
  • Citron2012a - Comparative in vitro activities of LFF571 against Clostridium difficile and 630 other intestinal strains of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
  • Poco1996 - Eubacterium exiguum sp. nov., Isolated from Human Oral Lesions.
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR SLACKIA EXIGUA
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
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    • Added: April 08, 2021