Sphingobacterium mizutaii

(aka Flavobacterium mizutaii)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Sphingobacterium mizutaii, (aka Flavobacterium mizutaii), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 39.3-40.0%. Sphingobacterium mizutaii is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Yabuuchi1983; Choi2012; Wauters2012; Holmes1988a)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces and clinical sources (ventricular fluid - CCUG). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread (notes: opportunistic in immunocompromised patients). Is a rare opportunistic pathogen. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Obligate aerobe; unlikely to be a gut coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Yabuuchi1983); (Choi2012); (Wauters2012); (Holmes1988a);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Resistant to 40% bile
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate pH 5.0;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 42℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • D-arabinose; fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; rhamnose; ribose; xylose; cellubiose; lactose; maltose; melezitose; melibiose; raffinose; sucrose; trehalose; salicin;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • maltose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; catalase; β-galactosidase; oxidase; pyrrolidine arylamidase; trypsin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • Val arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Yabuuchi1983); (Choi2012); (Wauters2012);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • KCN growth:
  • inhibited (0.008%)
  • ✓
  • Nitrite:
  • reduced
  • ✗
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Yabuuchi1983);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • penicillin;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cephalothin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin; gentamicin; kanamycin; streptomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • colistin; polymyxin B;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Bacteroidetes Class:  Sphingobacteriia Order:  Sphingobacterales Family:  Sphingobacteriaceae Genus:  Sphingobacterium Alt. name:  Flavobacterium mizutaii Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces and clinical sources (ventricular fluid - CCUG)
    DNA G+C(%):  39.3-40.0
    High T(℃):  42(neg)
    pH 4.2-5.9:  5.0(neg)
    Bile reaction(%):  40(+)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg DNA:  neg Tween:  80(neg)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  + Ribose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  + Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Adonitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Ethanol:  neg Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Maltose:  + Mannitol:  neg Pro:  neg Acetate:  neg Citrate:  neg Fumarate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Malonate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg β-Galactosidase:  + ArgDH:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg Trypsin:  + CystineAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  + ValAA:  d AlkalineP:  + Esterase(C4):  w
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  + Indole:  +
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  Var(MIC50): 10; disc), MIC90: Var(10; disc
    penicillin:  R(10U)
    cephalothin:  R(30; disc)
    amikacin:  R(10; disc)
    gentamicin:  R(10; disc)
    kanamycin:  R(30; disc)
    streptomycin:  R(10; disc)
    erythromycin:  Var(MIC50): 15; disc), MIC90: Var(15; disc
    nalidixic-acid:  Var(MIC50): 30; disc), MIC90: Var(30; disc
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  Var(MIC50): 30; disc), MIC90: Var(30; disc
    chloramphenicol:  Var(MIC50): 30; disc), MIC90: Var(30; disc
    sulfadiazine:  Var(MIC50): 25; disc), MIC90: Var(25; disc
    SXT:  Var(MIC50): 25; disc), MIC90: Var(25; disc
    clindamycin:  Var(MIC50): 2; disc), MIC90: Var(2; disc
    colistin:  R(10; disc)
    polymyxin_B:  R(300; disc)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR SPHINGOBACTERIUM MIZUTAII
  • Yabuuchi1983 - Sphingobacterium gen. nov., Sphingobacterium spiritivorum comb. nov., Sphingobacterium multivorum comb. nov., Sphingobacterium mizutae sp. nov., and Flavobacterium indologenes sp. nov.: Glucose-Nonfermenting Gram-Negative Rods in CDC Groups IIK-2 and IIb.
  • Choi2012 - Sphingobacterium kyonggiense sp. nov., isolated from chloroethene-contaminated soil, and emended descriptions of Sphingobacterium daejeonense and Sphingobacterium mizutaii.
  • Wauters2012 - Isolates belonging to CDC group II-i belong predominantly to Sphingobacterium mizutaii Yabuuchi et al. 1983: emended descriptions of S. mizutaii and of the genus Sphingobacterium.
  • Holmes1988a - A Taxonomic Study of Flavobacterium spiritivorum and Sphingobacterium mizutae: Proposal of Flavobacterium yabuuchiae sp. nov. and Flavobacterium mizutaii comb. nov.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR SPHINGOBACTERIUM MIZUTAII
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR SPHINGOBACTERIUM MIZUTAII
  • GarciaLopez2019 - Analysis of 1,000 Type-Strain Genomes Improves Taxonomic Classification of Bacteroidetes.
    • Added: December 15, 2021