Sphingobacterium multivorum

(aka Flavobacterium multivorum)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Sphingobacterium multivorum, (aka Flavobacterium multivorum), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 42.2%. Sphingobacterium multivorum is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Yabuuchi1983; Editorial2010bBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces and clinical sources (sputum, blood, urine - CCUG). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Yabuuchi1983); (Editorial2010bBergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; urea;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • DNA;
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Strain-variable at 20%
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate pH 4.5;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 4℃; doesn't grow at 41℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • arabinose; D-arabinose; L-arabinose; fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; xylose; glycogen; inulin; starch; cellubiose; lactose; maltose; melezitose; melibiose; raffinose; sucrose; trehalose; glycerol; salicin;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; acid phosphatase; N-Ac β-glucosaminidase; catalase; DNase; esterase lipase C8; α-galactosidase; β-galactosidase; α-glucosidase; Leu arylamidase; lipase; oxidase; urease;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • β-glucosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Yabuuchi1983); (Editorial2010bBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • H₂S (most strains);
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • KCN growth:
  • inhibited (0.008%)
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • Nitrite:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Yabuuchi1983); (Editorial2010bBergey);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • carbenicillin;
  • ampicillin; penicillin G;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cephalothin;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • nalidixic-acid;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin; kanamycin; streptomycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol; sulfadiazine; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • polymyxin B;

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Bacteroidetes Class:  Sphingobacteriia Order:  Sphingomonadales Family:  Sphingobacteriaceae Genus:  Sphingobacterium Alt. name:  Flavobacterium multivorum Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces and clinical sources (sputum, blood, urine - CCUG)
    DNA G+C(%):  42.2
    Low T(℃):  4(neg)
    High T(℃):  41(neg)
    pH 4.2-5.9:  4.5(neg)
    Bile reaction(%):  20(d)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  + Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg DNA:  d Tween:  80(vr)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  + D-Arabinose:  + L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  + Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Glycogen:  + Inulin:  + Starch:  + Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Glycerol:  + Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Rhamnose:  neg Cellulose:  neg Ethanol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Acetate:  neg Citrate:  neg Malonate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  + Ac-β-glcamnd:  + α-Fucosidase:  vr α-Galactosidase:  + β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  d β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg LeuAA:  + AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  + DNAse:  + Esterase(C4):  vr EstLip(C8):  + Lipase:  + Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  d(+) Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  R(10; disc)
    carbenicil:  S(100; disc)
    penicillin_G:  R(10U)
    cephalothin:  R(30; disc, variable)
    amikacin:  R(10; disc)
    gentamicin:  Var(MIC50): 10; disc), MIC90: Var(10; disc
    kanamycin:  R(30; disc)
    streptomycin:  R(10; disc)
    erythromycin:  S(15; disc)
    nalidixic-acid:  S(30; disc)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  S(30; disc, variable)
    chloramphenicol:  S(30; disc, variable)
    sulfadiazine:  S(25; disc, variable)
    SXT:  S(25; disc, variable)
    clindamycin:  Var(MIC50): 2; disc), MIC90: Var(2; disc
    polymyxin_B:  R(300; disc)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR SPHINGOBACTERIUM MULTIVORUM
  • Yabuuchi1983 - Sphingobacterium gen. nov., Sphingobacterium spiritivorum comb. nov., Sphingobacterium multivorum comb. nov., Sphingobacterium mizutae sp. nov., and Flavobacterium indologenes sp. nov.: Glucose-Nonfermenting Gram-Negative Rods in CDC Groups IIK-2 and IIb.
  • Editorial2010bBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 4, The Fusobacteria. Family Sphingobacteriaceae, Genus I. Sphingobacterium
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR SPHINGOBACTERIUM MULTIVORUM
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • Added: April 08, 2021