Sphingomonas paucimobilis

(aka Pseudomonas paucimobilis)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Sphingomonas paucimobilis, (aka Pseudomonas paucimobilis), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 4 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 62-64%. Sphingomonas paucimobilis is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Yabuuchi1990; Yabuuchi2005aBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from clinical sources (blood, wound, spinal fluid - CCUG) and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Yabuuchi1990); (Yabuuchi2005aBergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; starch;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • gelatin;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 3.0% salt;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • D-arabinose; L-arabinose; fructose; galactose; mannose; xylose; cellubiose; lactose; maltose; melezitose; sucrose; salicin;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • N-acetylglucosamine; amygdalin; L-arabinose; arbutin; cellubiose; aesculin; ethanol; fucose; glucose; lactose; maltose; maltotriose; mannose; melezitose; methyl-α-glucoside; raffinose; starch; sucrose; trehalose; D-turanose; xylose; betaine; glutamate; tyrosine; aconitate; fumarate; L-malate; pyruvate; succinate; methyl-β-glucoside; methyl-α-galactoside; methyl-β-galactoside; lactulose; palatinose; glutamine; gentisate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; acid phosphatase; N-Ac β-glucosaminidase; catalase; chymotrypsin; cystine arylamidase; esterase lipase C8; β-galactosidase; α-glucosidase; β-glucosidase; Leu arylamidase; lipase; lipase C14; phosphoamidase; phenylalanine deaminase; trypsin; Val arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Yabuuchi1990); (Yabuuchi2005aBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • H₂S (variable);
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • not reduced
  • ±
  • Pigments:
  • dark yellow
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Yabuuchi1990); (Yabuuchi2005aBergey);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin; amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; ampicillin; carbenicillin; imipenem; meropenem; penicillin; piperacillin-tazobactam; ticarcillin;
  • piperacillin;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefaclor; cefepime; cefoperazone; cefotaxime; cefoxitin; cefpodoxime; ceftazidime; ceftizoxime; cefuroxime;
  • cefazolin; cefmetazole; cephalothin; moxalactam;
  • Macrolides:
  • clarithromycin; erythromycin; roxithromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline; minocycline; tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; levofloxacin; ofloxacin; sparfloxacin;
  • nalidixic-acid;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin; gentamicin; netilmycin; tobramycin;
  • streptomycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol; nitrofurantoin; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;
  • trimethoprim;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • polymyxin B;
  • NOTES

    Unable to ferment glucose.

  • McLaughlin, S. D., Walker, A. W., Churcher, C., Clark, S. K., Tekkis, P. P., Johnson, M. W., Parkhill, J., Ciclitira, P. J., Dougan, G., Nicholls, R. J., & Petrovska, L. (2010). The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing. Annals of Surgery, 252(1), 90–98.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Alphaproteobacteria Order:  Sphingomonadales Family:  Sphingomonadaceae Genus:  Sphingomonas Alt. name:  Pseudomonas paucimobilis Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  dark yellow
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  clinical sources (blood, wound, spinal fluid - CCUG) and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  62-64
    NaCl 3-5%:  3.0(+)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  d Starch:  + DNA:  neg Tween:  80(+)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  + L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  vr Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  + Melibiose:  w Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  vr Inulin:  neg Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  vr Fucose:  + D-Fucose:  neg Glucose:  + D-Lyxose:  neg Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Gentiobiose:  neg Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Maltotriose:  + Melezitose:  + Melibiose:  vr Raffinose:  + Sucrose:  + D-Turanose:  + Trehalose:  + N_Acetyl_glucosamine:  + Adonitol:  neg Amygdalin:  + D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Arbutin:  + Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Aesculin:  + Ethanol:  + Ethanolamine:  neg Gluconate:  neg Glucosamine:  neg Glycerol:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inositol:  neg Inulin:  neg Mannitol:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  + Salicin:  vr Sorbitol:  neg Starch:  + Xylitol:  neg Ala:  vr D-Ala:  neg Asp:  vr Betaine:  + Glu:  + Histamine:  neg His:  neg Leu:  neg Orn:  neg Pro:  neg Ser:  vr Trigonelline:  neg Tryptamine:  neg Trp:  neg Tyr:  + Acetate:  neg Aconitate:  + Adipate:  neg Benzoate:  neg Caprate:  neg Caprylate:  neg Citrate:  vr Fumarate:  + Glutarate:  vr DL-Glycerate:  neg 3-Hydroxybutyrate:  vr 3-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg 4-Hydroxybenzoate:  vr Itaconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg DL-Lactate:  vr L-Malate:  + Malonate:  neg Mucate:  neg Phenylacetate:  neg Phenylpropionate:  neg Propionate:  neg Pyruvate:  + Quinate:  neg Saccharate:  neg Suberate:  neg Succinate:  + D-Tartrate:  neg L-Tartrate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  d(+) α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg Chymotrypsin:  + LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg Phe deaminase:  + Trypsin:  + CystineAA:  + LeuAA:  + ValAA:  + AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  + DNAse:  neg Esterase(C4):  vr EstLip(C8):  + Lipase:  + Lipase(C14):  + Phosphoamidase:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  vr Indole:  neg Pigment:  dark yellow
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amoxicillin:  S(25; disc)
    Augmentin:  S(30; disc)
    ampicillin:  S(10; disc)
    aztreonam:  Var(MIC50): 30; disc), MIC90: Var(30; disc
    carbenicil:  Sens
    penicillin:  S(10; disc)
    piperacillin:  R(100; disc)
    piper-taz:  Sens
    ticarcillin:  Sens
    imipenem:  S(10; disc)
    meropenem:  S(10; disc)
    cefaclor:  S(30; disc)
    cefazolin:  R(30; disc)
    cefepime:  Sens
    cefmetazole:  R(30; disc)
    cefoperazone:  S(75; disc)
    cefotaxime:  S(30; disc)
    cefoxitin:  Sens
    cefpodoxime:  Sens
    ceftazidime:  S(30; disc)
    ceftizoxime:  S(vr)
    cefuroxime:  Sens
    cephalothin:  R(vr)
    moxalactam:  R(30; disc)
    amikacin:  S(30; disc)
    gentamicin:  S(10; disc)
    netilmycin:  Sens
    streptomycin:  Res
    tobramycin:  Sens
    erythromycin:  S(15; disc)
    clarithromycin:  S(15; disc)
    roxithromycin:  S(15; disc)
    ciprofloxacin:  S(5; disc)
    levofloxacin:  S(5; disc)
    nalidixic-acid:  Res
    norfloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 10; disc), MIC90: Var(10; disc
    ofloxacin:  S(5; disc)
    sparfloxacin:  S(5K)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  S(10; disc)
    minocycline:  S(30; disc)
    tetracycline:  S(30; disc)
    chloramphenicol:  Sens
    nitrofurantoin:  Sens
    trimethoprim:  R(5; disc)
    SXT:  S(25; disc)
    polymyxin_B:  Res

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR SPHINGOMONAS PAUCIMOBILIS
  • Yabuuchi1990 - Proposals of Sphingomonas paucimobilis gen. nov. and comb. nov., Sphingomonas parapaucimobilis sp. nov., Sphingomonas yanoikuyae sp. nov., Sphingomonas adhaesiva sp. nov., Sphingomonas capsulata comb, nov., and Two Genospecies of the Genus Sphingomonas.
  • Yabuuchi2005aBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria Part C. Family Sphingomonadaceae, Genus I. Sphingomonas
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR SPHINGOMONAS PAUCIMOBILIS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • McLaughlin2010 - The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • Added: April 08, 2021