Spirosoma linguale

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Spirosoma linguale is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, aerobic, gliding, helical-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 51-53%. Spirosoma linguale is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Editorial2010cBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, freshwater, and soil. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Editorial2010cBergey);
    Character Response
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • aesculin; casein;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 1.2% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 5℃; grows at 39℃; Grows optimally at 20-30℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • arabinose; fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; rhamnose; ribose; xylose; inulin; cellubiose; lactose; maltose; melibiose; raffinose; sucrose; trehalose; α-methyl glucoside;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • mannose; sucrose; malonate; succinate; D-tartrate; L-tartrate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; catalase; β-galactosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Editorial2010cBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • Pigments:
  • light yellow

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Bacteroidetes Class:  Cytophagia Order:  Cytophagales Family:  Cytophagaceae Genus:  Spirosoma Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Gliding Morphology:  Helical Pigment:  light yellow
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, freshwater, and soil
    DNA G+C(%):  51-53
    Opt. T:  20-30℃
    Low T(℃):  5(+)
    Mid T(℃):  39(+)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  1.2(+)
    		Aesculin:  d Urea:  neg Starch:  w Casein:  d(w) Tween:  20(+) 40(+) 80(+)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  + Ribose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Inulin:  + Me-α-D-Glc:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  neg Glucose:  neg Mannose:  + Sorbose:  neg Lactose:  neg Sucrose:  + Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Methanol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Acetate:  neg Benzoate:  neg Citrate:  neg Formate:  neg Malonate:  + Propionate:  neg Succinate:  + D-Tartrate:  + L-Tartrate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  + Urease:  neg β-Galactosidase:  + LysDC:  neg Phe deaminase:  neg AlkalineP:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg Pigment:  light yellow

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR SPIROSOMA LINGUALE
  • Editorial2010cBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 4, The Fusobacteria. Family Cytophagaceae, Genus XVI. Spirosoma
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR SPIROSOMA LINGUALE
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • Added: April 08, 2021