Staphylococcus arlettae

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Staphylococcus arlettae is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, coccus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 31.0-32.6%. Staphylococcus arlettae is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Schleifer1984a; Schleifer2011Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from animal sources and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Is a known gut commensal. Robust growth can have positive consequences for gut health.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Schleifer1984a); (Schleifer2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 30℃; grows at 42℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • arabinose; D-arabinose; fructose; galactose; mannose; ribose; lactose; maltose; melezitose; raffinose; sucrose; trehalose; mannitol; α-methyl glucoside;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • L-arabinose; arbutin; fructose; gentiobiose; glucose; glycerol; lactose; maltose; mannitol; melezitose; ribose; raffinose; sucrose; trehalose; D-turanose; xylose;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • galactose; mannose; melibiose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; catalase; esterase lipase C8; α-glucosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Schleifer1984a); (Schleifer2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • lactate (minor);
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • Pigments:
  • yellow, beige
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Schleifer1984a);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • penicillin G;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • neomycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • sulfamethoxazole;
  • chloramphenicol;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • lincomycin; novobiocin;

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Bacillales Family:  Staphylococcaceae Genus:  Staphylococcus Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Coccus Pigment:  yellow, beige
    Health:   Positive
    Source:  animal sources and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  31.0-32.6
    Lower T(℃):  30(+)
    High T(℃):  42(+)
    		Aesculin:  vr Urea:  neg Gelatin:  w Casein:  neg Arginine:  neg Tween:  80(neg)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  + D-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Galactose:  d(+) Glucose:  vr Mannose:  w(+) Ribose:  + Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  vr Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Turanose:  neg Glycogen:  neg Mannitol:  + Xylitol:  vr Me-α-D-Glc:  + NAc-α-GA:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + D-Fucose:  w Galactose:  d Glucose:  + Mannose:  d Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  neg Gentiobiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  + Melibiose:  d Raffinose:  + Sucrose:  + D-Turanose:  + Trehalose:  + Amygdalin:  neg Arbutin:  + Glycerol:  + Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Coagulase:  neg Fibrinolysin:  neg HS nuclease:  neg Hyaluridonase:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  vr α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg OrnDC:  neg LeuAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  neg DNAse:  neg Esterase(C4):  vr EstLip(C8):  + Lipase:  w Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Lactate:  minor(+) Pigment:  yellow, beige
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    penicillin_G:  Res
    neomycin:  Sens
    erythromycin:  Res
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  Res
    chloramphenicol:  Res
    sulfamethoxazole:  Sens
    lincomycin:  Res
    novobiocin:  R(8)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR STAPHYLOCOCCUS ARLETTAE
  • Schleifer1984a - Staphylococcus arlettae sp. nov., S. equorum sp. nov. and S. kloosii sp. nov.: Three New Coagulase-Negative, Novobiocin-Resistant Species from Animals.
  • Schleifer2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Staphylococcaceae, Genus I. Staphylococcus
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR STAPHYLOCOCCUS ARLETTAE
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR STAPHYLOCOCCUS ARLETTAE
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021