Staphylococcus carnosus

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Staphylococcus carnosus is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, coccus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 3 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 35-36%. Staphylococcus carnosus is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Probst1998; Madhaiyan2020; Schleifer1982a; Pantucek1999)



  • This organism has been recovered from dry sausage. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Probst1998); (Schleifer1982a); (Pantucek1999);
    Character Response
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 15% salt;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 4.2;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 15℃; grows at 45℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; glucose; mannose; trehalose; mannitol;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • galactose; lactose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; acid phosphatase; arginine dihydrolase; catalase; esterase C4; esterase lipase C8; β-galactosidase; α-glucosidase; pyrrolidine arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Probst1998); (Schleifer1982a); (Pantucek1999);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • lactate;
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • Lysozyme:
  • growth observed (50)
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Probst1998);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • novobiocin;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Bacillales Family:  Staphylococcaceae Genus:  Staphylococcus Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Coccus
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  dry sausage
    DNA G+C(%):  35-36
    Low T(℃):  15(+)
    High T(℃):  45(+)
    NaCl >6%:  15(+)
    pH 4.2-5.9:  4.2(+)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Casein:  neg DNA:  w Tyrosine:  neg Tween:  80(neg)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  d Glucose:  + Mannose:  + D-Lyxose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  w Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Gentiobiose:  neg Lactose:  d(neg) Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  d(+) Turanose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  w Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  neg Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  w Salicin:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Coagulase:  neg Haemaggl.:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  + CystineAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  d(+) ValAA:  neg AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  + Esterase(C4):  + EstLip(C8):  + Lecithinase:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    novobiocin:  Sens

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR STAPHYLOCOCCUS CARNOSUS
  • Probst1998 - Staphylococcus condimenti sp. nov., from soy sauce mash, and Staphylococcus carnosus (Schleifer and Fischer 1982) subsp. utilis subsp. nov.
  • Madhaiyan2020 - Phylogenomic analyses of the Staphylococcaceae family suggest the reclassification of five species within the genus Staphylococcus as heterotypic synonyms, the promotion of five subspecies to novel species, the taxonomic reassignment of five Staphylococcus species to Mammaliicoccus gen. nov., and the formal assignment of Nosocomiicoccus to the family Staphylococcaceae
  • Cole2019 - Modernising Medical Microbiology Consortium. Draft Genome Sequences of 64 Type Strains of 50 Species and 25 Subspecies of the Genus Staphylococcus Rosenbach 1884.
  • Schleifer1982a - Description of a New Species of the Genus Staphylococcus: Staphylococcus carnosus
  • Pantucek1999 - Complex genomic and phenotypic characterization of the related species Staphylococcus carnosus and Staphylococcus piscifermentans.
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR STAPHYLOCOCCUS CARNOSUS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
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    • Added: January 14, 2022