Staphylococcus equorum subsp. equorum

(aka Staphylococcus equorum)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Staphylococcus equorum subsp. equorum, (aka Staphylococcus equorum), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, aerobic, non-motile, coccus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 4 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 33.4-34.7%. Staphylococcus equorum subsp. equorum is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Schleifer2011Bergey; Schleifer1984a; Terekhov2018)



  • This organism has been recovered from skin of horses, seafood, cheese and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Schleifer2011Bergey); (Schleifer1984a);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • urea;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 42℃; Grows optimally at 30℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; mannose; maltose; sucrose; trehalose; mannitol; α-methyl glucoside;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • L-arabinose; fructose; galactose; glucose; glycerol; maltose; mannitol; mannose; melezitose; ribose; salicin; sorbitol; sucrose; trehalose; xylose;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • arbutin; cellubiose; lactose; D-turanose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; β-galactosidase; β-glucuronidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Schleifer2011Bergey); (Schleifer1984a);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • Haemolysis:
  • variable
  • ±
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced by most strains
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Schleifer1984a);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • penicillin G;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; gatifloxacin; moxifloxacin; trovafloxacin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin; lincomycin;
  • novobiocin;

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Bacillales Family:  Staphylococcaceae Genus:  Staphylococcus Alt. name:  Staphylococcus equorum Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Coccus
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  skin of horses, seafood, cheese and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  33.4-34.7
    Opt. T:  30℃
    High T(℃):  42(neg)
    		Aesculin:  w Urea:  + Gelatin:  neg Casein:  vr Arginine:  neg Tween:  80(neg)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Glucose:  vr Mannose:  + Ribose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  vr Maltose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Turanose:  neg Glycogen:  neg Mannitol:  + Xylitol:  vr Me-α-D-Glc:  + NAc-α-GA:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  d Gentiobiose:  neg Lactose:  d Maltose:  + Melezitose:  + Melibiose:  neg Raffinose:  neg Sucrose:  + D-Turanose:  d Trehalose:  + Amygdalin:  neg Arbutin:  d Glycerol:  + Mannitol:  + Salicin:  + Sorbitol:  + Xylitol:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + Urease:  vr Coagulase:  neg Fibrinolysin:  neg HS nuclease:  neg Hyaluridonase:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  vr β-Glucuronidase:  + OrnDC:  neg PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  vr Lipase:  w
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    penicillin_G:  R(vr)
    erythromycin:  S(vr)
    ciprofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.06->16)
    gatifloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.03->16)
    levofloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.06->16)
    moxifloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.12, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.03->16)
    trovafloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.4, RNG: (0.015-16)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    chloramphenicol:  Res
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.015-4)
    lincomycin:  S(vr)
    novobiocin:  R(16)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR STAPHYLOCOCCUS EQUORUM SUBSP. EQUORUM
  • Schleifer2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Staphylococcaceae, Genus I. Staphylococcus
  • Schleifer1984a - Staphylococcus arlettae sp. nov., S. equorum sp. nov. and S. kloosii sp. nov.: Three New Coagulase-Negative, Novobiocin-Resistant Species from Animals.
  • Terekhov2018 - Ultrahigh-throughput functional profiling of microbiota communities.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR STAPHYLOCOCCUS EQUORUM SUBSP. EQUORUM
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • PerezBrocal2015 - Metagenomic Analysis of Crohn's Disease Patients Identifies Changes in the Virome and Microbiome Related to Disease Status and Therapy, and Detects Potential Interactions and Biomarkers
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR STAPHYLOCOCCUS EQUORUM SUBSP. EQUORUM
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021