Staphylococcus schleiferi subsp. schleiferi

(aka Staphylococcus schleiferi)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Staphylococcus schleiferi subsp. schleiferi, (aka Staphylococcus schleiferi), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, coccus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 3 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 37%. Staphylococcus schleiferi subsp. schleiferi is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Schleifer2011Bergey; Freney1988)



  • This organism has been recovered from clinical sources (wound, blood, catheter) and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread (notes: human and animal pathogen). It is an opportunistic pathogen. Is a known gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Schleifer2011Bergey); (Freney1988);
    Character Response
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • gelatin;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 6-10% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 20℃; grows at 45℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; mannose;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • N-Ac glucosamine;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • glucose; glycerol; mannose;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • fructose; trehalose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; arginine dihydrolase; catalase; β-galactosidase; HS nuclease; pyrrolidine arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Schleifer2011Bergey); (Freney1988);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • lactate;
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • Lysozyme:
  • growth observed (400)
  • Haemolysis:
  • present but weak
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
  • ✓
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Goldstein2006b); (Freney1988);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; ertapenem; imipenem; meropenem; oxacillin; penicillin; penicillin G; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefotetan;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline; tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • levofloxacin; pefloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin; gentamicin; kanamycin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • rifampicin;
  • bacitracin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol; fosfomycin; nitrofurantoin;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin; dalbavancin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin; daptomycin; linezolid; novobiocin;
  • vibriostatin A 0 129;

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Bacillales Family:  Staphylococcaceae Genus:  Staphylococcus Alt. name:  Staphylococcus schleiferi Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Coccus Pigment:  neg
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  clinical sources (wound, blood, catheter) and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  37
    Lower T(℃):  20(+)
    High T(℃):  45(+)
    NaCl >6%:  6-10(+)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  d
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Glucose:  vr Mannose:  + Ribose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Turanose:  neg Glycogen:  neg Xylitol:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg NAc-α-GA:  d
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  d Glucose:  + D-Lyxose:  neg Mannose:  + Ribose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Raffinose:  neg Sucrose:  neg D-Turanose:  neg Trehalose:  d Glycerol:  + Mannitol:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Xylitol:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Coagulase:  neg HS nuclease:  + Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg ArgDH:  + OrnDC:  neg PyrrolidAA:  + AlkalineP:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Lactate:  + Pigment:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Augmentin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.06–8)
    oxacillin:  SensRNG: (0.12-0.25)
    penicillin:  S(MIC50): 8, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.06–8)
    penicillin_G:  S(0.06)
    piper-taz:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.125–32)
    ertapenem:  S(0.5/4)
    imipenem:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (0.06–0.25)
    meropenem:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.06–8)
    cefotetan:  S(MIC50): 16, MIC90: 32, RNG: (8–32)
    amikacin:  SensRNG: (0.25-0.5)
    gentamicin:  S(<0.06)
    kanamycin:  S(0.5)
    erythromycin:  S(<0.06)
    linezolid:  S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 4, RNG: (1–4)
    levofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.125–8)
    pefloxacin:  S(1)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  S(≤2/4)
    tetracycline:  SensRNG: (0.12-0.25)
    dalbavancin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.016–2)
    vancomycin:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.5–1)
    bacitracin:  Res
    rifampicin:  S(<0.06)
    chloramphenicol:  S(2)
    fosfomycin:  SensRNG: (0.12-2)
    nitrofurantoin:  SensRNG: (2.5-5)
    SXT:  Var(MIC50): 1-4), MIC90: Var(1-4
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.06–8)
    daptomycin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.25–1)
    novobiocin:  S(0.12)
    vibriostat_129:  Res

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR STAPHYLOCOCCUS SCHLEIFERI SUBSP. SCHLEIFERI
  • Schleifer2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Staphylococcaceae, Genus I. Staphylococcus
  • Goldstein2006b - In vitro activities of dalbavancin and 12 other agents against 329 aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive isolates recovered from diabetic foot infections.
  • Freney1988 - Staphylococcus lugdunensis sp. nov. and Staphylococcus schleiferi sp. nov., Two Species from Human Clinical Specimens.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR STAPHYLOCOCCUS SCHLEIFERI SUBSP. SCHLEIFERI
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR STAPHYLOCOCCUS SCHLEIFERI SUBSP. SCHLEIFERI
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021