Streptococcus sobrinus

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Streptococcus sobrinus is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, coccus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 7 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 44-46%. Streptococcus sobrinus is probably a common, although minor, coloniser of the gut. (Whiley2011Bergey; Coykendall1974; Coykendall1983; Coykendall1977)



  • This organism has been recovered from surfaces of teeth. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Most strains produce hydrogen peroxide.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Whiley2011Bergey); (Coykendall1983); (Coykendall1977);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • mucin;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • glucose; mannose; D-tagatose; maltose; sucrose; trehalose; mannitol;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • galactose; lactose; sorbitol;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • mucin;
  • Active enzymes:
  • α-glucosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Whiley2011Bergey); (Coykendall1983); (Coykendall1977);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • lactate;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • ±
  • Haemolysis:
  • alpha (strain dependent)
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Lactobacillales Family:  Streptococcaceae Genus:  Streptococcus Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Coccus
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  surfaces of teeth
    DNA G+C(%):  44-46
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Arginine:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg Galactose:  d Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  + Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  w Lactose:  d Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Amygdalin:  neg Aesculin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  d Arbutin:  neg Gluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg Hyaluridonase:  neg α-Arab:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg GlyTrpAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Lactate:  + Indole:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR STREPTOCOCCUS SOBRINUS
  • Whiley2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Streptococcaceae, Genus I. Streptococcus
  • Coykendall1974 - Four types of Streptococcus mutans based on their genetic, antigenic and biochemical characteristics.
  • Coykendall1983 - Streptococcus sobrinus nom. rev. and Streptococcus ferus nom. rev.: Habitat of These and Other Mutans Streptococci
  • Coykendall1977 - Proposal to Elevate the Subspecies of Streptococcus mutans to Species Status, Based on Their Molecular Composition
  • Li2019c - Gut Microbiota Differs Between Parkinson's Disease Patients and Healthy Controls in Northeast China
  • Zheng2020a - Specific gut microbiome signature predicts the early-stage lung cancer
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR STREPTOCOCCUS SOBRINUS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Forster2019 - A human gut bacterial genome and culture collection for improved metagenomic analyses.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Li2019b - Disordered intestinal microbes are associated with the activity of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • Wang2020a - Aberrant gut microbiota alters host metabolome and impacts renal failure in humans and rodents
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR STREPTOCOCCUS SOBRINUS
  • Derrien2010Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 4, The Lentisphaerae. Family Victivallaceae, Genus I. Victivallis
  • Derrien2010aBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 4, The Verrucomicrobia. Family Akkermansiaceae, Genus I. Akkermansia
  • Derrien2010 - Mucin-bacterial interactions in the human oral cavity and digestive tract.
    • Added: January 14, 2022