Subdoligranulum variabile

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Subdoligranulum variabile is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, bacterium. It has been detected in at least 16 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 52%. Subdoligranulum variabile is a common gut coloniser. (Holmstrom2004; Holmstrom2011Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Is a known gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Holmstrom2004); (Holmstrom2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 30℃; grows weakly at 45℃; Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • N-acetylglucosamine; amygdalin; arbutin; cellubiose; dextrin; fructose; fucose; galactose; gentiobiose; glucose; lactose; maltose; maltotriose; mannose; melibiose; rhamnose; raffinose; salicin; sucrose; trehalose; D-turanose; methyl-α-galactoside; methyl-β-galactoside; glucose-1-phosphate; lactulose; palatinose; D-galacturonate; D-glucose-6-phosphate; N-acetylmannosamine;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Arg arylamidase; α-galactosidase; β-galactosidase; β-glucosidase; β-glucuronidase; His arylamidase; Leu arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Holmstrom2004); (Holmstrom2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate (minor); butyrate; lactate; succinate (minor);
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • Nitrite:
  • not reduced

  • Holmstrøm, K., Collins, M. D., Møller, T., Falsen, E., & Lawson, P. A. (2004). Subdoligranulum variabile gen. nov., sp. nov. from human feces. Anaerobe, 10(3), 197–203.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Oscillospiraceae Genus:  Subdoligranulum Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  52
    Opt. T:  37℃
    Lower T(℃):  30(neg)
    High T(℃):  45(w)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Starch:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Mannose:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Fructose:  + Fucose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  + Cellubiose:  + Gentiobiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Maltotriose:  + Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  + Raffinose:  + Sucrose:  + D-Turanose:  + Trehalose:  + N_Acetyl_glucosamine:  + Adonitol:  neg Amygdalin:  + D-Arabitol:  neg Arbutin:  + Dextrin:  + Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Salicin:  + Sorbitol:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg α-Arab:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  + β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  + α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg GluDC:  neg ArgAA:  + CystineAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  neg HisAA:  + LeuAA:  + LeuGlyAA:  neg ProAA:  neg PheAA:  neg PyrogluAA:  neg SerAA:  neg TyrAA:  neg ValAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg Esterase(C4):  neg EstLip(C8):  neg Lecithinase:  neg Lipase:  neg Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  minor(+) Butyrate:  + Lactate:  + Succinate:  minor(+) Indole:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR SUBDOLIGRANULUM VARIABILE
  • Holmstrom2004 - Subdoligranulum variabile gen. nov., sp. nov. from human feces.
  • Holmstrom2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Ruminococcaceae, Genus XI. Subdoligranulum
  • Debyser2016 - Faecal proteomics: A tool to investigate dysbiosis and inflammation in patients with cystic fibrosis
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR SUBDOLIGRANULUM VARIABILE
  • Dubinkina2017 - Links of gut microbiota composition with alcohol dependence syndrome and alcoholic liver disease
  • Hu2019 - The Gut Microbiome Signatures Discriminate Healthy From Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
  • Karlsson2013 - Gut metagenome in European women with normal, impaired and diabetic glucose control
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • LeChatelier2013 - Richness of human gut microbiome correlates with metabolic markers
  • McLaughlin2010 - The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing.
  • Minerbi2019 - Altered microbiome composition in individuals with fibromyalgia
  • Nam2008a - Bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryal diversity in the intestines of Korean people.
  • Qin2012 - Metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Salonen2014 - Impact of diet and individual variation on intestinal microbiota composition and fermentation products in obese men.
  • Tyakht2013 - Human gut microbiota community structures in urban and rural populations in Russia.
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR SUBDOLIGRANULUM VARIABILE
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
    • Added: April 08, 2021