Timonella senegalensis

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Timonella senegalensis is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 3 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 61.4%. Timonella senegalensis is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Mishra2013g)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Is a known gut commensal. Robust growth can have positive consequences for gut health.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Mishra2013g);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; urea;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 30℃; grows at 37℃; Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • L-arabinose; galactose; glucose; mannose; aesculin; gentiobiose; maltose; sucrose; arbutin; salicin;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • L-arabinose; glucose; maltose; raffinose; xylose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; Arg arylamidase; arginine dihydrolase; catalase; β-galactosidase; β-glucuronidase; His arylamidase; Leu-Gly arylamidase; urease;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Mishra2013g);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • indole;
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Mishra2013g);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin; imipenem;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • gentamicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Micrococcales Family:  Jonesiaceae Genus:  Timonella Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:   Positive
    Source:  human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  61.4
    Opt. T:  37℃
    Lower T(℃):  30(+)
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Gentiobiose:  + Maltose:  + Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  + Aesculin:  + Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Arbutin:  + Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  neg Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  + Lactose:  neg Maltose:  + Raffinose:  + Aesculin:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + Urease:  + β-Galactosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  + ArgDH:  + ArgAA:  + HisAA:  + LeuGlyAA:  + PyrogluAA:  w AlkalineP:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Indole:  +
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amoxicillin:  Sens
    imipenem:  Sens
    gentamicin:  Sens
    ciprofloxacin:  Sens
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    metronidazole:  Res
    SXT:  Res

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR TIMONELLA SENEGALENSIS
  • Mishra2013g - Genome sequence and description of Timonella senegalensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the suborder Micrococcinae.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR TIMONELLA SENEGALENSIS
  • Forster2019 - A human gut bacterial genome and culture collection for improved metagenomic analyses.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
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    • Added: April 08, 2021