Trueperella pyogenes

(aka Arcanobacterium pyogenes > Actinomyces pyogenes)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Trueperella pyogenes, (aka Arcanobacterium pyogenes > Actinomyces pyogenes), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, coccobacillus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 5 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. Trueperella pyogenes is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Yassin2011)



  • This organism has been recovered from clinical sources (blood, abscess - CCUG) and human faeces. Could be a possible pathogen in humans, but unknown at this stage. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Yassin2011);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • gelatin; hippurate; milk;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 20℃; grows at 40℃; Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; ribose; xylose; dextrin; glycogen; starch; cellubiose; lactose; maltose; melezitose; trehalose;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • arabinose; sucrose; adonitol; erythritol; mannitol;
  • Active enzymes:
  • β-galactosidase; α-glucosidase; β-glucuronidase; Leu arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Yassin2011);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • formate; acetate; lactate (major); succinate;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • Haemolysis:
  • beta
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Citron2003);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; ampicillin; ertapenem; penicillin G; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefoxitin;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin; roxithromycin;
  • Quinolines:
  • moxifloxacin;
  • ciprofloxacin; norfloxacin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • bacitracin; rifampicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • fosfomycin; metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin; teicoplanin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin; linezolid;

  • Arcanobacterium pyogenes is and occassional cause of pharyngitis (sore throat) and other soft tissue infections.

  • Taylor, G. R., Kropp, K. D., & Molina, T. C. (1985). Nine-year microflora study of an isolator-maintained immunodeficient child. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 50(6), 1349–1356.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Actinomycetales Family:  Actinomycetaceae Genus:  Trueperella Alt. name:  Arcanobacterium pyogenes > Actinomyces pyogenes Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Coccobacillus
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  clinical sources (blood, abscess - CCUG) and human faeces
    Opt. T:  37℃
    Lower T(℃):  20(+)
    Mid T(℃):  40(+)
    		Urea:  neg Gelatin:  + Hippurate:  + Milk:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  d L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  + Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  d Trehalose:  + Amygdalin:  neg Dextrin:  + Aesculin:  neg Glycogen:  + Starch:  + Adonitol:  d Erythritol:  d Glycerol:  neg Mannitol:  d Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  + ArgDH:  neg LeuAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg AcidP:  neg EstLip(C8):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Formate:  + Acetate:  + Lactate:  Major(+) Succinate:  + Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Augmentin:  S(≤0.06/0.5)
    ampicillin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.03–0.5)
    penicillin_G:  S(0.064)
    piper-taz:  S(MIC50): ≤0.06, MIC90: 4, S(clinic)
    ertapenem:  S(0.06/0.5)
    cefoxitin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.03–1)
    erythromycin:  S(vr)
    roxithromycin:  SensRNG: (≤0.015-0.03)
    linezolid:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.5–8)
    ciprofloxacin:  R(clinic)
    moxifloxacin:  Sens
    norfloxacin:  Res
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    teicoplanin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.125–0.5)
    vancomycin:  S(MIC50): clinic), MIC90: S(clinic, RNG: (0.5–1)
    bacitracin:  S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.5–8)
    rifampicin:  Sens
    fosfomycin:  Res
    metronidazole:  R(MIC50): 32, MIC90: >128, RNG: (0.03->128)
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.03–0.5)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR TRUEPERELLA PYOGENES
  • Yassin2011 - Comparative chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic studies on the genus Arcanobacterium Collins et al. 1982 emend. Lehnen et al. 2006: proposal for Trueperella gen. nov. and emended description of the genus Arcanobacterium.
  • Cassir2015 - Clostridium butyricum Strains and Dysbiosis Linked to Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Neonates
  • Citron2003 - In vitro activities of ramoplanin, teicoplanin, vancomycin, linezolid, bacitracin, and four other antimicrobials against intestinal anaerobic bacteria.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR TRUEPERELLA PYOGENES
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Cassir2015 - Clostridium butyricum Strains and Dysbiosis Linked to Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Neonates
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • Added: April 08, 2021