Varibaculum cambriense

(aka Varibaculum cambriensis)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Varibaculum cambriense, (aka Varibaculum cambriensis), is a Gram-positive, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 5 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 51.7%. Varibaculum cambriense is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Hall2003)



  • This organism has been recovered from clinical sources (abscess, fistula, IUCD - CCUG) and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Hall2003);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • hippurate;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • glucose; sucrose;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • fructose; xylose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • α-glucosidase; Leu arylamidase; Phe arylamidase; Pro arylamidase; Tyr arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Hall2003);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate (minor); lactate; succinate;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ±
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced by most strains
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Barberis2017); (Goldstein2013b);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • ampicillin-sulbactam; meropenem; penicillin; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefoxitin;
  • ceftazidime;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline; tigecycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; levofloxacin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin; linezolid;

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Actinomycetales Family:  Actinomycetaceae Genus:  Varibaculum Alt. name:  Varibaculum cambriensis Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  clinical sources (abscess, fistula, IUCD - CCUG) and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  51.7
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Hippurate:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  d Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Ribose:  vr D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  d Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  vr Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  d(+) Trehalose:  vr Amygdalin:  neg Dextrin:  neg Glycogen:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Salicin:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg α-Arab:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  vr α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg β-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg Chymotrypsin:  neg GluDC:  neg AlanineAA:  vr AlaPheProAA:  vr ArgAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyTrpAA:  neg GlyAA:  neg HisAA:  neg LeuAA:  + LeuGlyAA:  neg ProAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg PheAA:  + PyrogluAA:  neg SerAA:  neg TyrAA:  + ValAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg AcidP:  vr Esterase(C4):  vr EstLip(C8):  vr Lecithinase:  neg Lipase:  neg Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  minor(+) Lactate:  + Succinate:  + Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amp-sulb:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.06–0.5)
    penicillin:  Sens
    piper-taz:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.06–1)
    meropenem:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.03–0.25)
    cefoxitin:  S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.125–16)
    ceftazidime:  R(MIC50): 8, MIC90: 32, RNG: (0.25–32)
    erythromycin:  Res
    linezolid:  Sens
    ciprofloxacin:  Sens
    levofloxacin:  Sens
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  Sens
    tigecycline:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.125–0.5)
    vancomycin:  Sens
    metronidazole:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.25–>32)
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.06–>128)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR VARIBACULUM CAMBRIENSE
  • Barberis2017 - Antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates of Actinomyces and related genera reveals an unusual clindamycin resistance among Actinomyces urogenitalis strains.
  • Hall2003 - Characterization of Some Actinomyces -Like Isolates from Human Clinical Sources: Description of Varibaculum cambriensis gen. nov., sp. nov.
  • Laue2020 - Prospective associations of the infant gut microbiome and microbial function with social behaviors related to autism at age 3 years
  • Goldstein2013b - Comparative in vitro activities of GSK2251052, a novel boron-containing leucyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor, against 916 anaerobic organisms.
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR VARIBACULUM CAMBRIENSE
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Forster2019 - A human gut bacterial genome and culture collection for improved metagenomic analyses.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
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    • Added: April 08, 2021