Veillonella atypica

(aka Veillonella parvula subsp. atypica)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Veillonella atypica, (aka Veillonella parvula subsp. atypica), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, bacterium. It has been detected in at least 26 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 36-40%. Veillonella atypica is often a widespread coloniser of gut. (Rogosa1965a; Carlier2011Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from saliva and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread (notes: opportunistic in immunocompromised patients). Is a rare opportunistic pathogen. Is a known gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Rogosa1965a); (Carlier2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • pyrrolidine arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Carlier2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Carlier2011Bergey); (Goldstein2018a); (Goldstein2013a); (Goldstein2013b); (Tyrrell2012); (Citron2012a); (Goldstein2006); (Goldstein2006c); (Citron2003); (Goldstein2003a); (Goldstein2000a); (Goldstein1999b);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; ampicillin; ampicillin-sulbactam; imipenem; meropenem; ticarcillin-clavulanic acid;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefotaxime; cefotetan; cefoxitin;
  • ceftazidime;
  • Macrolides:
  • azithromycin; telithromycin;
  • clarithromycin; fidaxomicin; roxithromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tigecycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; gatifloxacin; levofloxacin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • bacitracin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol; metronidazole;
  • trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin; teicoplanin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin; linezolid; telithromycin;
  • daptomycin;

  • Dal Bello, F., & Hertel, C. (2006). Oral cavity as natural reservoir for intestinal lactobacilli. Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 29(1), 69–76.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Negativicutes Order:  Veillonellales Family:  Veillonellaceae Genus:  Veillonella Alt. name:  Veillonella parvula subsp. atypica Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  saliva and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  36-40
    		Urea:  neg Hippurate:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  neg Mannose:  neg Ribose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Dextrin:  neg Glycogen:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg β-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  vr GluDC:  neg AlanineAA:  neg AlaPheProAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg LeuGlyAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  d AlkalineP:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Augmentin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 2, RNG: (≤0.015–>4)
    ampicillin:  S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.125–8)
    amp-sulb:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.06–2)
    penicillin_G:  Var(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.06-8)
    piper-taz:  Var(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: >128, RNG: (0.06->128)
    tica-clav:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.06->128)
    imipenem:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.06–1)
    meropenem:  S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.03, RNG: (0.03–0.25)
    cefalexin:  Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.25-16)
    cefotaxime:  S(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.06–8)
    cefotetan:  SensRNG: (0.12-2)
    cefoxitin:  S(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.25–8)
    ceftazidime:  R(MIC50): 8, MIC90: 32, RNG: (2–32)
    cefuroxime:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.25–16)
    azithromycin:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.125->32)
    erythromycin:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.5->32)
    fidaxomicin:  R(MIC50): 128, MIC90: 256, RNG: (16–512)
    clarithromycin:  R(MIC50): 16, MIC90: >32, RNG: (1–>32)
    roxithromycin:  R(MIC50): >32, MIC90: >32, RNG: (0.5–>32)
    telithromycin:  S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.06–32)
    linezolid:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.25–2)
    ciprofloxacin:  S(MIC50): ≤0.5, MIC90: 4, RNG: (≤0.5->8)
    gatifloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.062)
    gemifloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.03–>8)
    levofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (≤0.06-8)
    moxifloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.06–>32)
    trovafloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: >8, RNG: (0.125–>8)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.5–>16)
    tetracycline:  Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.5-32)
    tigecycline:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.06–0.5)
    teicoplanin:  R(MIC50): >256, MIC90: >256, RNG: (64–>256)
    vancomycin:  R(MIC50): >64, MIC90: >64, RNG: (64–>64)
    bacitracin:  R(MIC50): >256, MIC90: >256, RNG: (16–>256)
    chloramphenicol:  S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.25–32)
    metronidazole:  S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.125-4)
    SXT:  R(8-256)
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (≤0.03->32)
    daptomycin:  R(MIC50): >32, MIC90: >32, RNG: (>32)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR VEILLONELLA ATYPICA
  • Mays1982 - Taxonomy of the Genus Veillonella Prevot.
  • Rogosa1965a - The Genus Veillonella IV. Serological Groupings, and Genus and Species Emendations.
  • Carlier2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Veillonellaceae, Genus I. Veillonella
  • Feng2015 - Gut microbiome development along the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence
  • Giongo2011 - Toward defining the autoimmune microbiome for type 1 diabetes
  • Hoffman2014 - Escherichia coli dysbiosis correlates with gastrointestinal dysfunction in children with cystic fibrosis
  • Li2012 - Molecular-phylogenetic characterization of the microbiota in ulcerated and non-ulcerated regions in the patients with Crohn's disease
  • Qin2014 - Alterations of the human gut microbiome in liver cirrhosis
  • Zhu2020 - Metagenome-wide association of gut microbiome features for schizophrenia
  • Goldstein2018a - Comparative In Vitro Activities of Relebactam, Imipenem, the Combination of the Two, and Six Comparator Antimicrobial Agents against 432 Strains of Anaerobic Organisms, Including Imipenem-Resistant Strains.
  • Goldstein2013a - Comparative in vitro activities of SMT19969, a new antimicrobial agent, against Clostridium difficile and 350 gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic intestinal flora isolates.
  • Goldstein2013b - Comparative in vitro activities of GSK2251052, a novel boron-containing leucyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor, against 916 anaerobic organisms.
  • Tyrrell2012 - In vitro activity of TD-1792, a multivalent glycopeptide-cephalosporin antibiotic, against 377 strains of anaerobic bacteria and 34 strains of Corynebacterium species.
  • Citron2012a - Comparative in vitro activities of LFF571 against Clostridium difficile and 630 other intestinal strains of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
  • Goldstein2006 - In vitro activity of moxifloxacin against 923 anaerobes isolated from human intra-abdominal infections.
  • Goldstein2006c - Comparative in vitro susceptibilities of 396 unusual anaerobic strains to tigecycline and eight other antimicrobial agents.
  • Citron2003 - In vitro activities of ramoplanin, teicoplanin, vancomycin, linezolid, bacitracin, and four other antimicrobials against intestinal anaerobic bacteria.
  • Goldstein2003a - In vitro activities of ABT-492, a new fluoroquinolone, against 155 aerobic and 171 anaerobic pathogens isolated from antral sinus puncture specimens from patients with sinusitis.
  • Goldstein2000a - Comparative In vitro activities of ertapenem (MK-0826) against 1,001 anaerobes isolated from human intra-abdominal infections.
  • Goldstein1999b - Activities of telithromycin (HMR 3647, RU 66647) compared to those of erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, and other antimicrobial agents against unusual anaerobes.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR VEILLONELLA ATYPICA
  • Almeida2019 - A new genomic blueprint of the human gut microbiota.
  • Bik2006 - Molecular analysis of the bacterial microbiota in the human stomach.
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Chen2020 - Structural and Functional Characterization of the Gut Microbiota in Elderly Women With Migraine
  • Chen2020a - Featured Gut Microbiomes Associated With the Progression of Chronic Hepatitis B Disease
  • DalBello2006 - Oral cavity as natural reservoir for intestinal lactobacilli.
  • De2020 - Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiome and resistome of diarrheal fecal samples from Kolkata, India, reveals the core and variable microbiota including signatures of microbial dark matter.
  • Dubinkina2017 - Links of gut microbiota composition with alcohol dependence syndrome and alcoholic liver disease
  • Forster2019 - A human gut bacterial genome and culture collection for improved metagenomic analyses.
  • Hu2019 - The Gut Microbiome Signatures Discriminate Healthy From Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
  • Jeong2021 - The effect of taxonomic classification by full-length 16S rRNA sequencing with a synthetic long-read technology
  • Jie2017 - The gut microbiome in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • MacFarlane2004 - Chemotaxonomic analysis of bacterial populations colonizing the rectal mucosa in patients with ulcerative colitis.
  • Mangin2004 - Molecular inventory of faecal microflora in patients with Crohn's disease.
  • McLaughlin2010 - The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing.
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • Nielsen2014 - MetaHIT Consortium. Identification and assembly of genomes and genetic elements in complex metagenomic samples without using reference genomes.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Rothschild2018 - Environment dominates over host genetics in shaping human gut microbiota.
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Wang2005 - Comparison of bacterial diversity along the human intestinal tract by direct cloning and sequencing of 16S rRNA genes.
  • Wang2020a - Aberrant gut microbiota alters host metabolome and impacts renal failure in humans and rodents
  • Woodmansey2004 - Comparison of compositions and metabolic activities of fecal microbiotas in young adults and in antibiotic-treated and non-antibiotic-treated elderly subjects.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • Zou2019 - 1,520 reference genomes from cultivated human gut bacteria enable functional microbiome analyses.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR VEILLONELLA ATYPICA
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021