Virgibacillus pantothenticus

(aka Bacillus pantothenticus)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Virgibacillus pantothenticus, (aka Bacillus pantothenticus), is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 36.9%. Virgibacillus pantothenticus is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Heyndrickx1999; Heyrman2011Bergey; Waino1999; Heyndrickx1998; Proom1950)



  • This organism has been recovered from soil. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Heyndrickx1999); (Heyrman2011Bergey); (Waino1999); (Heyndrickx1998);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; casein; gelatin;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 15℃; grows at 50℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • D-arabinose; fructose; glucose; mannose; rhamnose; ribose; D-tagatose; amygdalin; maltose; sucrose; trehalose; D-turanose; glycerol; arbutin; N-Ac glucosamine;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • fucose; cellubiose; gentiobiose; lactose; sorbitol; gluconate; methyl mannoside;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • melibiose; raffinose;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • citrate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • β-galactosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Heyndrickx1999); (Heyrman2011Bergey); (Heyndrickx1998);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ±
  • Nitrate:
  • strain dependent

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Bacillales Family:  Bacillaceae Genus:  Virgibacillus Alt. name:  Bacillus pantothenticus Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  Endospore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  soil
    DNA G+C(%):  36.9
    Low T(℃):  15(+)
    High T(℃):  50(+)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  + Casein:  + Tween:  80(+)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Fucose:  d D-Fucose:  neg Glucose:  + Mannose:  + D-Lyxose:  neg Rhamnose:  + Ribose:  + Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  + L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  d Gentiobiose:  d Lactose:  d Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Turanose:  + Amygdalin:  + Inulin:  neg Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  + Sorbitol:  d Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  + Gluconate:  d 2-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  d Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Glucose:  w Cellubiose:  w Lactose:  neg Melibiose:  + Raffinose:  + Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Citrate:  d
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  + Urease:  neg β-Galactosidase:  d
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR VIRGIBACILLUS PANTOTHENTICUS
  • Heyndrickx1999 - Proposal of Virgibacillus proomii sp. nov. and emended description of Virgibacillus pantothenticus (Proom and Knight 1950) Heyndrickx et al. 1998.
  • Heyrman2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Bacillaceae, Genus XIX. Virgibacillus
  • Waino1999 - Gracilibacillus gen. nov., with description of Gracilibacillus halotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov.; transfer of Bacillus dipsosauri to Gracilibacillus dipsosauri comb. nov., and Bacillus salexigens to the genus Salibacillus gen. nov., as Salibacillus salexigens comb. nov.
  • Wang2015 - Genome Sequence of Virgibacillus pantothenticus DSM 26T (ATCC 14576), a Mesophilic and Halotolerant Bacterium Isolated from Soil.
  • Heyndrickx1998 - Virgibacillus: a new genus to accommodate Bacillus pantothenticus (Proom and Knight 1950). Emended description of Virgibacillus pantothenticus
  • Proom1950 - Bacillus pantothenticus (n.sp.).
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR VIRGIBACILLUS PANTOTHENTICUS
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
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    • Added: January 14, 2022