Yonghaparkia alkaliphila

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Yonghaparkia alkaliphila is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, strictly aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 71.1-71.6%. Yonghaparkia alkaliphila is unlikely to be a gut coloniser. (Yoon2006a)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, and alkaline soil. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Obligate aerobe, no spore formation and doesn't grow at 38C, so probably a gut non-coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Yoon2006a);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; casein; starch;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 0-2% salt; doesn't tolerate 3% salt;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate pH 7; Grows optimally at pH 9.0.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 4℃; doesn't grow at 38℃; Grows optimally at 30℃.
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • pyruvate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • esterase C4; esterase lipase C8; α-glucosidase; β-glucuronidase; Leu arylamidase; oxidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Yoon2006a);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Yoon2006a);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • carbenicillin;
  • ampicillin; penicillin G;
  • Macrolides:
  • oleandomycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • gentamicin; neomycin; streptomycin;
  • kanamycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • lincomycin; novobiocin; polymyxin B;

  • McLaughlin, S. D., Walker, A. W., Churcher, C., Clark, S. K., Tekkis, P. P., Johnson, M. W., Parkhill, J., Ciclitira, P. J., Dougan, G., Nicholls, R. J., & Petrovska, L. (2010). The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing. Annals of Surgery, 252(1), 90–98.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Micrococcales Family:  Microbacteriaceae Genus:  Yonghaparkia Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, and alkaline soil
    DNA G+C(%):  71.1-71.6
    Opt. T:  30℃
    Low T(℃):  4(neg)
    Mid T(℃):  38(neg)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  0-2(+)
    NaCl 3-5%:  3(neg)
    Opt. pH:  9.0
    pH 6.0-8.0:  7(neg)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  + Casein:  + Tyrosine:  neg Tween:  20(neg) 40(+) 60(neg) 80(neg)
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Galactose:  vr Glucose:  neg Mannose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Maltose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Salicin:  vr Glu:  neg Acetate:  neg Benzoate:  neg Citrate:  neg Formate:  neg L-Malate:  neg Pyruvate:  + Succinate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  + α-Mannosidase:  neg Chymotrypsin:  neg Trypsin:  neg CystineAA:  neg LeuAA:  + ValAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg AcidP:  neg Esterase(C4):  + EstLip(C8):  + Lipase(C14):  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  R(10; disc)
    carbenicil:  S(100; disc)
    penicillin_G:  R(20U)
    gentamicin:  S(30; disc)
    kanamycin:  R(30; disc)
    neomycin:  S(30; disc)
    streptomycin:  S(50; disc)
    oleandomycin:  S(15; disc)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  R(30; disc)
    chloramphenicol:  S(100; disc)
    lincomycin:  S(15; disc)
    novobiocin:  S(5; disc)
    polymyxin_B:  S(100U)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR YONGHAPARKIA ALKALIPHILA
  • Yoon2006a - Yonghaparkia alkaliphila gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Microbacteriaceae isolated from an alkaline soil.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR YONGHAPARKIA ALKALIPHILA
  • McLaughlin2010 - The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
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    • Added: April 08, 2021