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Andrews1986
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<p>The essence of the concept of <em>r</em>- and <em>K</em>-selection is that organisms strive to maximize their fitness for survival in either uncrowded (<em>r</em>-selection) or crowded (<em>K</em>-selection) environments. Fitness is defined following ecological convention as the proportion of genes left in the population gene pool (Pianka, 1983, p. 10). The terms <em>r</em> and <em>K</em> refer, respectively, to the maximum specific rate of increase (maximum specific growth rate minus minimum specific death rate) of an organism and to the density of individuals that a given environment can support at the population equilibrium. Since both <em>r</em> and <em>K</em> can vary within a species and are subject to modification, the division of natural selection into <em>r</em>- and <em>K</em>-selection is of considerable basic interest in evolutionary ecology.</p>
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