Pu•biome

Notes

An anaerobic bacterial strain, designated MA18T, was isolated from a laboratory-scale biogas fermenter fed with maize silage. Cells stained Gram-negative and performed Gram-negative in the KOH test. The peptidoglycan type was found to be A1y-meso-Dpm direct. The major cellular fatty acids were C14 : 0 iso, C15 : 0 iso, anteiso and iso DMA as well as a C16 unidentified fatty acid. Oxidase and catalase activities were absent. Cells were slightly curved rods, motile, formed spores and measured approximately 0.35&thinsp;&micro;m in diameter and 3.0&ndash;5.0&thinsp;&micro;m in length. When cultivated on GS2 agar with cellobiose, round, arched, shiny and slightly yellow-pigmented colonies were formed. The isolate was mesophilic to moderately thermophilic with a growth optimum between 40 and 48&thinsp;&deg;C. Furthermore, neutral pH values were preferred and up to 1.2 % (w/v) NaCl supplemented to the GS2 medium was tolerated. Producing mainly acetate and ethanol, MA18T fermented arabinose, cellobiose, crystalline and amorphous cellulose, ribose, and xylan. The genome of MA18T consists of 4 817 678&thinsp;bp with a G+C content of 33.16&thinsp;mol%. In the annotated protein sequences, cellulosomal components were detected. Phylogenetically, MA18T is most closely related to <a class="namesforlife" title="Ruminiclostridium sufflavum - Click to open Names for Life widget" href="https://doi.org/10.1601/nm.32999" target="xrefwindow" rel="namesforlife-name">Ruminiclostridium sufflavum</a> DSM 19573T (76.88 % average nucleotide identity of the whole genome sequence; 97.23 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and can be clustered into one clade with other species of the genus <a class="namesforlife" title="Ruminiclostridium - Click to open Names for Life widget" href="https://doi.org/10.1601/nm.33517" target="xrefwindow" rel="namesforlife-name">Ruminiclostridium</a> , family <a class="namesforlife" title="Oscillospiraceae - Click to open Names for Life widget" href="https://doi.org/10.1601/nm.14019" target="xrefwindow" rel="namesforlife-name">Oscillospiraceae</a> , class <a class="namesforlife" title="Clostridia - Click to open Names for Life widget" href="https://doi.org/10.1601/nm.3875" target="xrefwindow" rel="namesforlife-name">Clostridia</a> . Based on morphological, physiological and genetic characteristics, this strain represents a novel species in the genus <a class="namesforlife" title="Ruminiclostridium - Click to open Names for Life widget" href="https://doi.org/10.1601/nm.33517" target="xrefwindow" rel="namesforlife-name">Ruminiclostridium</a> . Therefore, the name Ruminiclostridium herbifermentans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MA18T (=DSM 109966T=JCM 39124T).

Update: Rettenmaier2021